Characteristics of Advanced Practice Nurses Receiving Top Industry Payments and Their Practice Settings: a Cross-sectional Study

Practice‐Level Clustering of Industry Payments to Clinicians

“…We did not anticipate a meaningful difference in the ICCs for log total value and number of industry payments (0.368 [SE 0.002] and 0.605 [SE 0.002], respectively). We investigated further, and the literature revealed that a small number of clinicians receive substantially more in total value than most clinicians because they engage in commercial activities with the pharmaceutical industry [ 1 , 2 , 20 , 21 ]. Of the approximate two billion dollars in total value of industry payments received by clinicians in 2021 [ 1 , 2 ], 25% were for royalties or licenses, 21% for non‐Continuing Medical Education speaker fees, 21% for consulting fees, 13% for acquisitions, and 12% for food and beverage [ 2 ].…”

Practice‐Level Clustering of Industry Payments to Clinicians

“…We did not anticipate a meaningful difference in the ICCs for log total value and number of industry payments (0.368 [SE 0.002] and 0.605 [SE 0.002], respectively). We investigated further, and the literature revealed that a small number of clinicians receive substantially more in total value than most clinicians because they engage in commercial activities with the pharmaceutical industry [ 1 , 2 , 20 , 21 ]. Of the approximate two billion dollars in total value of industry payments received by clinicians in 2021 [ 1 , 2 ], 25% were for royalties or licenses, 21% for non‐Continuing Medical Education speaker fees, 21% for consulting fees, 13% for acquisitions, and 12% for food and beverage [ 2 ].…”

“I never thought of it as payment”: Qualitative evaluation of workshops with advanced practice registered nurses on pharmaceutical industry payment reporting

“…In research on vaccine hesitancy among parents, Goldenberg (2021) suggested that this is not a product of misinformation, but a crisis of mistrust that requires addressing the root causes, including the prevalence of conflicts of interest and industry influence over health evidence. Although media reports and the literature often focus on the ethical issues associated with receipt of large industry payments ( Grundy et al, 2024 ; Ornstein et al, 2019 ; Wright et al, 2022 ), given stark socioeconomic challenges faced by some patient communities, smaller payments such as free sandwiches tied to a drug many patients could never afford may similarly undermine public trust in health care providers.…”

“…With the growing expansion and role for APRNs with the health system, interactions with industry will likely become a significant ethical issue for the profession. For example, APRNs also attract high value payments from industry as consultants and speakers ( Grundy et al, 2024 ; Karanges et al, 2019 ), and in some specialties such as psychiatry and mental health, psychiatric CNPs were significantly more likely to receive payments than psychiatrists, except in the case of payments valued more than $10,000 ( Havlik et al, 2024 ).…”

“…Conducted through Zoom and audio recorded, the workshops consisted of a short presentation (Supplementary File 2, Supplemental Digital Content 1, http://links.lww.com/JAANP/A317 ), interspersed by a hands-on opportunity to use the Open Payments search interface, and discuss participants' familiarity with and initial reactions to the platform. Following the presentation, participants explored two Open Payments profiles that illustrated two prevalent and varied forms of APRN–industry interactions (an APRN receiving >$50,000 in fees for consulting and speakers' fees and an APRN receiving monthly sponsored meals; Grundy et al, 2024 ; Zhang & Anderson, 2022 ).…”

Practice‐Level Clustering of Industry Payments to Clinicians

“…We did not anticipate a meaningful difference in the ICCs for log total value and number of industry payments (0.368 [SE 0.002] and 0.605 [SE 0.002], respectively). We investigated further, and the literature revealed that a small number of clinicians receive substantially more in total value than most clinicians because they engage in commercial activities with the pharmaceutical industry [ 1 , 2 , 20 , 21 ]. Of the approximate two billion dollars in total value of industry payments received by clinicians in 2021 [ 1 , 2 ], 25% were for royalties or licenses, 21% for non‐Continuing Medical Education speaker fees, 21% for consulting fees, 13% for acquisitions, and 12% for food and beverage [ 2 ].…”

“I never thought of it as payment”: Qualitative evaluation of workshops with advanced practice registered nurses on pharmaceutical industry payment reporting

“…In research on vaccine hesitancy among parents, Goldenberg (2021) suggested that this is not a product of misinformation, but a crisis of mistrust that requires addressing the root causes, including the prevalence of conflicts of interest and industry influence over health evidence. Although media reports and the literature often focus on the ethical issues associated with receipt of large industry payments ( Grundy et al, 2024 ; Ornstein et al, 2019 ; Wright et al, 2022 ), given stark socioeconomic challenges faced by some patient communities, smaller payments such as free sandwiches tied to a drug many patients could never afford may similarly undermine public trust in health care providers.…”

“…With the growing expansion and role for APRNs with the health system, interactions with industry will likely become a significant ethical issue for the profession. For example, APRNs also attract high value payments from industry as consultants and speakers ( Grundy et al, 2024 ; Karanges et al, 2019 ), and in some specialties such as psychiatry and mental health, psychiatric CNPs were significantly more likely to receive payments than psychiatrists, except in the case of payments valued more than $10,000 ( Havlik et al, 2024 ).…”

“…Conducted through Zoom and audio recorded, the workshops consisted of a short presentation (Supplementary File 2, Supplemental Digital Content 1, http://links.lww.com/JAANP/A317 ), interspersed by a hands-on opportunity to use the Open Payments search interface, and discuss participants' familiarity with and initial reactions to the platform. Following the presentation, participants explored two Open Payments profiles that illustrated two prevalent and varied forms of APRN–industry interactions (an APRN receiving >$50,000 in fees for consulting and speakers' fees and an APRN receiving monthly sponsored meals; Grundy et al, 2024 ; Zhang & Anderson, 2022 ).…”

Practice‐Level Clustering of Industry Payments to Clinicians

“…We did not anticipate a meaningful difference in the ICCs for log total value and number of industry payments (0.368 [SE 0.002] and 0.605 [SE 0.002], respectively). We investigated further, and the literature revealed that a small number of clinicians receive substantially more in total value than most clinicians because they engage in commercial activities with the pharmaceutical industry [ 1 , 2 , 20 , 21 ]. Of the approximate two billion dollars in total value of industry payments received by clinicians in 2021 [ 1 , 2 ], 25% were for royalties or licenses, 21% for non‐Continuing Medical Education speaker fees, 21% for consulting fees, 13% for acquisitions, and 12% for food and beverage [ 2 ].…”

“I never thought of it as payment”: Qualitative evaluation of workshops with advanced practice registered nurses on pharmaceutical industry payment reporting

“…In research on vaccine hesitancy among parents, Goldenberg (2021) suggested that this is not a product of misinformation, but a crisis of mistrust that requires addressing the root causes, including the prevalence of conflicts of interest and industry influence over health evidence. Although media reports and the literature often focus on the ethical issues associated with receipt of large industry payments ( Grundy et al, 2024 ; Ornstein et al, 2019 ; Wright et al, 2022 ), given stark socioeconomic challenges faced by some patient communities, smaller payments such as free sandwiches tied to a drug many patients could never afford may similarly undermine public trust in health care providers.…”

“…With the growing expansion and role for APRNs with the health system, interactions with industry will likely become a significant ethical issue for the profession. For example, APRNs also attract high value payments from industry as consultants and speakers ( Grundy et al, 2024 ; Karanges et al, 2019 ), and in some specialties such as psychiatry and mental health, psychiatric CNPs were significantly more likely to receive payments than psychiatrists, except in the case of payments valued more than $10,000 ( Havlik et al, 2024 ).…”

“…Conducted through Zoom and audio recorded, the workshops consisted of a short presentation (Supplementary File 2, Supplemental Digital Content 1, http://links.lww.com/JAANP/A317 ), interspersed by a hands-on opportunity to use the Open Payments search interface, and discuss participants' familiarity with and initial reactions to the platform. Following the presentation, participants explored two Open Payments profiles that illustrated two prevalent and varied forms of APRN–industry interactions (an APRN receiving >$50,000 in fees for consulting and speakers' fees and an APRN receiving monthly sponsored meals; Grundy et al, 2024 ; Zhang & Anderson, 2022 ).…”