Waste Office Paper Derived Cellulose‐Based Carbon Host in Freestanding Cathodes for Lithium‐Sulfur Batteries

Abstract

Due to large sulfur (S) content and simple manufacturing techniques, free-standing cathodes for lithium-sulfur (LiÀ S) batteries are gaining a lot of attention recently. Waste office paper, which is consumed in large quantities annually, was used to make a free-standing paper-based carbon (FPC) substrate, which inherited fiber-like morphology. In addition, reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanosheets modified FPC (rGO@FPC) host was also prepared by a vacuum filtration method. After S impregnation, the FPC/S and rGO@FPC/S freestanding cathodes were employed in LiÀ S batteries. The rGO@FPC/S free-standing cathode exhibited extremely competitive electrochemical performance, including a reversible discharge capacity of 315 mAh g À 1 at 0.5 C after 500 cycles. This is due to the uniform S distribution, which boosts the utilization ratio, and the significant blocking action for polysulfide ions, which prevents the redox shuttle effect.

Sulfurization of transition metal inorganic electrocatalysts in Li–S batteries

“…51,52 Transition metal nitrides are notable for their exceptional conductivity and adsorption properties, which can be attributed to their capability as conductive Lewis bases due to the presence of lone electron pairs. [53][54][55][56] The sulfurization of transition metal nitrides was first investigated in the context of Li-S batteries. In 2018, Qian et al 49 However, due to the immaturity of in situ characterization techniques at that time, the influence of the sulfide on the redox of polysulfides was not thoroughly examined.…”

“…Transition metal nitrides are notable for their exceptional conductivity and adsorption properties, which can be attributed to their capability as conductive Lewis bases due to the presence of lone electron pairs. 53–56 The sulfurization of transition metal nitrides was first investigated in the context of Li–S batteries. In 2018, Qian et al 49 utilized a hydrothermal method to synthesize a range of cobalt-based compounds (Co 4 N, CoS 2 , Co 3 O 4 and CoP) with different anions.…”

Sulfurization of transition metal inorganic electrocatalysts in Li–S batteries

“…51,52 Transition metal nitrides are notable for their exceptional conductivity and adsorption properties, which can be attributed to their capability as conductive Lewis bases due to the presence of lone electron pairs. [53][54][55][56] The sulfurization of transition metal nitrides was first investigated in the context of Li-S batteries. In 2018, Qian et al 49 However, due to the immaturity of in situ characterization techniques at that time, the influence of the sulfide on the redox of polysulfides was not thoroughly examined.…”

“…Transition metal nitrides are notable for their exceptional conductivity and adsorption properties, which can be attributed to their capability as conductive Lewis bases due to the presence of lone electron pairs. 53–56 The sulfurization of transition metal nitrides was first investigated in the context of Li–S batteries. In 2018, Qian et al 49 utilized a hydrothermal method to synthesize a range of cobalt-based compounds (Co 4 N, CoS 2 , Co 3 O 4 and CoP) with different anions.…”

Micro-Nano Conductive Network Structured Aramid Paper-Based Self-Supporting Cathode Enhances Cycling Stability in Lithium–Sulfur Battery

“…Additionally, it must possess adequate mechanical strength and a well-developed porous structure to accommodate volume changes during charge and discharge cycles, thereby ensuring the cycling stability of the cathode. 13−15 In recent years, carbon materials with high electrical conductivity, such as carbon fibers (CF), 16,17 carbon nanotubes (CNT), 18,19 and graphene, 20 have been widely utilized as conductive framework materials for self-supporting cathodes. By incorporating sulfur into the three-dimensional conductive network formed by these carbon materials, the electron transport pathway can be significantly shortened, thereby promoting rapid sulfur conversion and enhancing sulfur utilization efficiency.…”

Sulfurization of transition metal inorganic electrocatalysts in Li–S batteries

“…51,52 Transition metal nitrides are notable for their exceptional conductivity and adsorption properties, which can be attributed to their capability as conductive Lewis bases due to the presence of lone electron pairs. [53][54][55][56] The sulfurization of transition metal nitrides was first investigated in the context of Li-S batteries. In 2018, Qian et al 49 However, due to the immaturity of in situ characterization techniques at that time, the influence of the sulfide on the redox of polysulfides was not thoroughly examined.…”

“…Transition metal nitrides are notable for their exceptional conductivity and adsorption properties, which can be attributed to their capability as conductive Lewis bases due to the presence of lone electron pairs. 53–56 The sulfurization of transition metal nitrides was first investigated in the context of Li–S batteries. In 2018, Qian et al 49 utilized a hydrothermal method to synthesize a range of cobalt-based compounds (Co 4 N, CoS 2 , Co 3 O 4 and CoP) with different anions.…”

Micro-Nano Conductive Network Structured Aramid Paper-Based Self-Supporting Cathode Enhances Cycling Stability in Lithium–Sulfur Battery

“…Additionally, it must possess adequate mechanical strength and a well-developed porous structure to accommodate volume changes during charge and discharge cycles, thereby ensuring the cycling stability of the cathode. 13−15 In recent years, carbon materials with high electrical conductivity, such as carbon fibers (CF), 16,17 carbon nanotubes (CNT), 18,19 and graphene, 20 have been widely utilized as conductive framework materials for self-supporting cathodes. By incorporating sulfur into the three-dimensional conductive network formed by these carbon materials, the electron transport pathway can be significantly shortened, thereby promoting rapid sulfur conversion and enhancing sulfur utilization efficiency.…”

Sulfurization of transition metal inorganic electrocatalysts in Li–S batteries

“…51,52 Transition metal nitrides are notable for their exceptional conductivity and adsorption properties, which can be attributed to their capability as conductive Lewis bases due to the presence of lone electron pairs. [53][54][55][56] The sulfurization of transition metal nitrides was first investigated in the context of Li-S batteries. In 2018, Qian et al 49 However, due to the immaturity of in situ characterization techniques at that time, the influence of the sulfide on the redox of polysulfides was not thoroughly examined.…”

“…Transition metal nitrides are notable for their exceptional conductivity and adsorption properties, which can be attributed to their capability as conductive Lewis bases due to the presence of lone electron pairs. 53–56 The sulfurization of transition metal nitrides was first investigated in the context of Li–S batteries. In 2018, Qian et al 49 utilized a hydrothermal method to synthesize a range of cobalt-based compounds (Co 4 N, CoS 2 , Co 3 O 4 and CoP) with different anions.…”

Micro-Nano Conductive Network Structured Aramid Paper-Based Self-Supporting Cathode Enhances Cycling Stability in Lithium–Sulfur Battery

“…Additionally, it must possess adequate mechanical strength and a well-developed porous structure to accommodate volume changes during charge and discharge cycles, thereby ensuring the cycling stability of the cathode. 13−15 In recent years, carbon materials with high electrical conductivity, such as carbon fibers (CF), 16,17 carbon nanotubes (CNT), 18,19 and graphene, 20 have been widely utilized as conductive framework materials for self-supporting cathodes. By incorporating sulfur into the three-dimensional conductive network formed by these carbon materials, the electron transport pathway can be significantly shortened, thereby promoting rapid sulfur conversion and enhancing sulfur utilization efficiency.…”