A short bout of HFD promotes long-lasting hepatic lipid accumulation

Chiazza, Fausto; Challa, Tenagne D.; Lucchini, Fabrizio C.; Konrad, Daniel; Wueest, Stephan

doi:10.1080/21623945.2015.1071454

Cited by 11 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(39 reference statements)

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“…Baseline sex differences in body weight and metabolism were observed, with males having a greater body weight, weight gain, energy intake, energy efficiency, and circulating leptin levels compared to females, as previously reported ( 40 – 42 ), as well as higher serum triglycerides levels. After 1 week on a HFD we found few effects on body weight or body composition, which is in accordance with some previous studies in rodents ( 42 , 43 ), but not others ( 44 ). The LFD group was included in this study as this diet has been widely used as a control group in diet-induced obesity (DIO) models ( 26 , 45 , 46 ), but the higher content of carbohydrates, which is largely composed of sucrose, compared to HFD may also have metabolic effects.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Short-Term Diet Induced Changes in the Central and Circulating IGF Systems Are Sex Specific

et al. 2020

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Insulin-like growth factor (IGF) 1 exerts a wide range of functions in mammalians participating not only in the control of growth and metabolism, but also in other actions such as neuroprotection. Nutritional status modifies the IGF system, although little is known regarding how diet affects the newest members of this system including pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) and PAPP-A2, proteases that liberate IGF from the IGF-binding proteins (IGFBPs), and stanniocalcins (STCs) that inhibit PAPP-A and PAPP-A2 activity. Here we explored if a 1-week dietary change to either a high-fat diet (HFD) or a low-fat diet (LFD) modifies the central and peripheral IGF systems in both male and female Wistar rats. The circulating IGF system showed sex differences in most of its members at baseline. Males had higher levels of both free (p < 0.001) and total IGF1 (p < 0.001), as well as IGFBP3 (p < 0.001), IGFBP5 (p < 0.001), and insulin (p < 0.01). In contrast, females had higher serum levels of PAPP-A2 (p < 0.05) and IGFBP2 (p < 0.001). The responses to a short-term dietary change were both diet and sex specific. Circulating levels of IGF2 increased in response to LFD intake in females (p < 0.001) and decreased in response to HFD intake in males (p < 0.001). In females, LFD intake also decreased circulating IGFBP2 levels (p < 0.001). In the hypothalamus LFD intake increased IGF2 (p < 0.01) and IGFBP2 mRNA (p < 0.001) levels, as well as the expression of NPY (p < 0.001) and AgRP (p < 0.01), but only in males. In conclusion, short-term LFD intake induced more changes in the peripheral and central IGF system than did short-term HFD intake. Moreover, these changes were sex-specific, with IGF2 and IGFBP2 being more highly affected than the other members of the IGF system. One of the main differences between the commercial LFD employed and the HFD or normal rodent chow is that the LFD has a significantly higher sucrose content, suggesting that this nutrient could be involved in the observed responses.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Short-Term Diet Induced Changes in the Central and Circulating IGF Systems Are Sex Specific

et al. 2020

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“…In the present study, we found no changes in food and water intake between the three experimental groups of animals, and the supplementation with B. animalis IPLA R1 did not prevent body weight gain, probably due to the short term period of dietary intervention. Previous studies have reported that a short treatment (few days) with a HFD increased body weight (Lanthier et al, 2010; Lee et al, 2011) whereas other authors did not found any effect on weight gain (Chiazza et al, 2016). Probably, differences in dietary composition, housing conditions, genetic background or age at dietary intervention may have contributed to the contradictory results obtained in body weight gain by different authors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…In our experimental groups of mice, fasted glycemia and insulinemia were significantly higher due to HFD feeding, suggesting that the short period of HFD treatment (3 days) was enough to promote changes in glucose homeostasis, these results suggest that the model of short-term HFD is useful to reproduce some of the classical features associated with obesity, such as an altered glucose metabolism. This model has been employed previously by other authors in rodents in which they observed that HFD feeding for short periods ranging between 3 and 7 days were enough to produce an impairment of glucose tolerance and hepatic insulin sensitivity by different mechanisms including Kuppfer cell activation (Lanthier et al, 2010) and adipose tissue inflammation (Wiedemann et al, 2013) and favored the development of steatosis (Lanthier et al, 2010; Lee et al, 2011; Wiedemann et al, 2013; Chiazza et al, 2016). Interestingly, the administration in our study of B. animalis IPLA R1 strain promoted a decrease of serum insulin levels, not accompanied by a significant variation in fasting glucose and HOMA index, suggesting a slight improvement of insulin sensitivity in animals fed HFD supplemented with the B. animalis IPLA R1 strain.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional Effects of EPS-Producing Bifidobacterium Administration on Energy Metabolic Alterations of Diet-Induced Obese Mice

et al. 2019

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Obesity has been recognized by the World Health Organization as a global epidemic. The gut microbiota is considered as a factor involved in the regulation of numerous metabolic pathways by impacting several functions of the host. It has been suggested that probiotics can modulate host gene expression and metabolism, and thereby positively influence host adipose tissue development and obesity related-metabolic disorders. The aim of the present work was to evaluate the effect of an exopolysaccharide (EPS)-producing Bifidobacterium strain on host glucose and lipid metabolism and the gut microbial composition in a short-term diet-induced obesity (DIO) in mice. C57BL/6J male mice were randomly divided into three groups: a control group that received control standard diet, a group fed a high-fat diet (HF), and a group fed HF supplemented with Bifidobacterium animalis IPLA R1. Fasting serum insulin as well as triglycerides accumulation in the liver were significantly reduced in the group receiving B. animalis IPLA R1. The treatment with the EPS-producing B. animalis IPLA R1 tended to down-regulate the expression of host genes involved in the hepatic synthesis of fatty acids which was concomitant with an upregulation in the expression of genes related with fatty acid oxidation. B. animalis IPLA R1 not only promoted the increase of Bifidobacterium but also the levels of Bacteroides-Prevotella . Our data indicate that the EPS-producing Bifidobacterium IPLA R1 strain may have beneficial effects in metabolic disorders associated with obesity, by modulating the gut microbiota composition and promoting changes in lipids metabolism and glucose homeostasis.

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“…2,[4][5][6][7][8][9] Conversely, removal of HFD was shown to reverse most of these changes. 2,10,11 For some time it was believed, that the total number of fat cells is set during adolescence and a change of fat mass in adults is exclusively caused by hypertrophy. 12,13 However, it was recently demonstrated that hyperplasia plays an important role in obesity and that the ability for an increase in adipocyte number persists for lifetime even after severe weight loss.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proliferation of nutrition sensing preadipocytes upon short term HFD feeding

Kulenkampff

Wolfrum

2018

Adipocyte

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Adipose tissue is highly dynamic and increases its size dependent on the status of nutrition. Generally, an increase of adipose tissue mass is attributed to two mechanisms, namely hypertrophy (increase in adipocyte size) and hyperplasia (increase in adipocyte number). Here, we analyzed the proliferation capacity of a pool of nutrition sensing preadipocytes after short-term high fat diet (HFD) feeding. We show that this process is age independent and that adipocyte hyperplasia seems not to be dependent on adipocyte hypertrophy. Further, we could show that the subsequent development into adipocytes is influenced by the duration of HFD feeding after proliferation. Our data also demonstrate that the studied pool of preadipocytes seems to be finite and cannot be reactivated by multiple bouts of HFD feeding. In conclusion, our results indicate an important link between stem cells, nutrition status and homeostasis in the epididymal adipose tissue.

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A short bout of HFD promotes long-lasting hepatic lipid accumulation

Cited by 11 publications

References 24 publications

Short-Term Diet Induced Changes in the Central and Circulating IGF Systems Are Sex Specific

Short-Term Diet Induced Changes in the Central and Circulating IGF Systems Are Sex Specific

Functional Effects of EPS-Producing Bifidobacterium Administration on Energy Metabolic Alterations of Diet-Induced Obese Mice

Proliferation of nutrition sensing preadipocytes upon short term HFD feeding

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