Acne and sebaceous gland function

Zouboulis, Christos C.

doi:10.1016/j.clindermatol.2004.03.004

Cited by 464 publications

(460 citation statements)

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“…It is also thought that the secretion of the sebaceous gland, sebum, is formed when the fully mature, lipid-rich cells die and disintegrate [12]. It has been reported that the components of sebum contain squalene and wax esters, as well as cholesterol esters, triglycerides and possibly some free fatty acids [13,14]. ELOVL5 is involved in elongation of various polyunsaturated long-chain fatty acids of C18-C20 [15], and SCD1 catalyses delta-9 desaturation of various fatty acyl-CoA substrates [16].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Localization of the Candidate Genes ELOVL5 and SCD1 for Male Effect' Pheromone Synthesis in Goats (Capra hircus)

Kitago

Momozawa

Masuda

et al. 2007

Journal of Reproduction and Development

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Abstract. The 'male effect' is a well-known phenomenon in female sheep and goats, whereby pheromone-induced activation of reproductive function occurs. In a previous study, we showed that the genes for elongation of long-chain fatty acids family member 5 (ELOVL5) and stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1) increased their expression significantly, concomitant with induction of pheromone synthesis. Therefore, these genes were considered to be prime candidate genes for pheromone synthesis. In the present study, we performed in situ hybridization to investigate where these two genes are expressed in goat skin. Strong positive signals were detected for both genes in the head skin of the male goat, which is the main site of pheromone production, and were mainly in the basal layer of the sebaceous gland cells, with the remaining cells showing negligible signals. None of the cells in the rump skin of the male goat or the head skin of the orchidectomized goat, neither of which produce pheromone, exhibited strong positive signals. The present study demonstrates that expression of these two candidate genes for pheromone synthesis is primarily localized in the sebaceous glands of the pheromone-producing skin region. , the 'male effect' is well known as a pheromone-induced phenomenon in which seasonally anovulatory females resume ovarian cyclicity in response to introduction of a male. In goats, we have previously shown that the 'male effect' pheromone is produced in a testosterone (T)-dependent manner in the skin of the head region, but not in the skin of the rump region [4,5], using a bioassay for pheromone activity that we had developed previously [6,7]. Dihydrotestosterone (DHT) treatment induces pheromone production in the skin of the rump region, where pheromones are not produced constitutively [8]. Interestingly, 'male effect' pheromone activity is also induced in female skin by androgens [9]. We found that expression of the genes for elongation of long-chain fatty acids family member 5 (ELOVL5) and stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1) increased significantly, concomitant with induction of pheromone synthesis, in three types of skin models, i.e., the head skin of Ttreated orchidectomized (ODX) male goats, rump skin of DHT-treated ODX male goats and head skin of DHT-treated ovariectomized female goats, thereby implicating these two genes as prime can-

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Localization of the Candidate Genes ELOVL5 and SCD1 for Male Effect' Pheromone Synthesis in Goats (Capra hircus)

Kitago

Momozawa

Masuda

et al. 2007

Journal of Reproduction and Development

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“…5 If sebum interferes with the process of follicular keratinisation in the pilosebaceous unit, pore blockage may occur, contributing to lesion formation and acne. However, seborrhoea per se is…”

Section: Sebum and Acnementioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, only a few patients with androgenic disorders exhibit hyperandrogenemia, an observation which indicates the predominance of peripheral tissue events for the occurrence of clinical signs. 32 Enhanced sebaceous gland activity is attributed to the potent androgen 5α-DHT 5 as sebaceous gland cells possess all necessary enzymes for conversion of testosterone to 5α-DHT. 33 The isozyme 5α-reductase type I, which catalyses the conversion from testosterone to 5α-DHT in peripheral tissues by a NADPH-dependent reaction is expressed predominantly in skin.…”

Section: Effects Of Hormones On Sebaceous Gland Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These receptors modulate the production of inflammatory cytokines, proliferation, differentiation, lipogenesis and androgen metabolism in human sebocytes. 5 CRH the most proximal element of the hypophysis-pituitaryadrenal (HPA) axis acts as central coordinator for neuroendocrine and behavioural responses to stress. It has been shown that CRH, CRH-binding protein, CRH-receptor ® 1 and CRH-R2 are expressed in SZ95 sebocytes at mRNA and protein level, while CRH-R1 is the predominant type (CRH-R1/CRH-R2 = 2).…”

Section: Effects Of Hormones On Sebaceous Gland Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It can regulate the activity of xenobiotics and is actively involved in the wound healing process. 5 In the last years, acne research has made a remarkable progress in understanding the mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of the disease by using cell culture models and new molecular techniques. Mammal sebocytes and sebocyte-like cells (human, mouse, hamster and rat) and human sebaceous gland cell lines (SZ95, SEB-1, Seb-E6E7) [6][7][8] have been used in monolayer cultures as models to study specific functions involved in development, growth and differentiation of sebaceous gland cells.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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