Activation of the visual cortex in motivated attention.

Bradley, Margaret M.; Sabatinelli, Dean; Lang, Peter; Fitzsimmons, Jeffrey R.; King, Wayne M.; Desai, Paramtap

doi:10.1037/0735-7044.117.2.369

Cited by 450 publications

(375 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Asterisk indicates difference with P < 0.05. prior literature describing this area as a reward anticipation region (Knutson et al, 2001;Knutson and Cooper, 2005). During actual viewing, emotional pictures elicited increased bilateral amygdala activation relative to neutral, as has been reported previously (Costa et al, 2010;Sabatinelli et al, 2005), along with increased activity in visual processing regions [calcarine fissure, fusiform gyrus, occipital gyrus (Bradley et al, 2003;Keil et al, 2009)].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

“…Given consistent evidence for enhanced nAcc activation during anticipation of reward in impulsive-disinhibited individuals (Buckholtz et al, 2010;Lawrence and Brooks, 2014), we predicted enhanced activity for this region in particular. (b) For the viewing condition, participants high in disinhibition should show increased brain activation in reward-related regions for pleasant as compared to neutral pictures [particularly nAcc, as this region has been shown to be selectively reactive to pleasurable stimuli (Sabatinelli et al, 2007)]-perhaps along with increased activation of the amygdala and visual processing regions, since these brain areas are known to respond to the affective saliency of picture stimuli, irrespective of their valence (Bradley et al, 2003;Sabatinelli et al, 2005Sabatinelli et al, , 2007Costa et al, 2010). ii.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Externalizing proneness and brain response during pre-cuing and viewing of emotional pictures

Foell

Brislin

Strickland

et al. 2015

Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience

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Externalizing proneness, or trait disinhibition, is a concept relevant to multiple high-impact disorders involving impulsiveaggressive behavior. Its mechanisms remain disputed: major models posit hyperresponsive reward circuitry or heightened threat-system reactivity as sources of disinhibitory tendencies. This study evaluated alternative possibilities by examining relations between trait disinhibition and brain reactivity during preparation for and processing of visual affective stimuli. Forty females participated in a functional neuroimaging procedure with stimuli presented in blocks containing either pleasurable or aversive pictures interspersed with neutral, with each picture preceded by a preparation signal. Preparing to view elicited activation in regions including nucleus accumbens, whereas visual regions and bilateral amygdala were activated during viewing of emotional pictures. High disinhibition predicted reduced nucleus accumbens activation during preparation within pleasant/neutral picture blocks, along with enhanced amygdala reactivity during viewing of pleasant and aversive pictures. Follow-up analyses revealed that the augmented amygdala response was related to reduced preparatory activation. Findings indicate that participants high in disinhibition are less able to process implicit cues and mentally prepare for upcoming stimuli, leading to limbic hyperreactivity during processing of actual stimuli. This outcome is helpful for integrating findings from studies suggesting reward-system hyperreactivity and others suggesting threat-system hyperreactivity as mechanisms for externalizing proneness.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Externalizing proneness and brain response during pre-cuing and viewing of emotional pictures

Foell

Brislin

Strickland

et al. 2015

Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Previous studies have shown enhanced initial perceptual processing for emotional stimuli, as they are more likely than nonemotional stimuli to be correctly identified when shown very briefly (Zeelenberg, Wagenmakers, & Rotteveel, 2006) and less likely to be missed when presented in a rapid serial visual presentation with other stimuli (Anderson, 2005;Keil & Ihssen, 2004). Brain imaging studies reveal that when shown a series of pictures, people show more activation in visual processing regions for emotionally intense pictures than for emotionally neutral pictures (Bradley et al, 2003;Phan et al, 2002;Mather et al, 2006). The amygdala plays a key role in supporting these attentional advantages for emotional stimuli (e.g., Anderson & Phelps, 2001).…”

Section: Mechanisms Of Arousal-enhanced Bindingmentioning

confidence: 96%

Arousal-enhanced location memory for pictures

Mather

Nesmith

2008

Journal of Memory and Language

127

145

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Four experiments revealed arousal-enhanced location memory for pictures. After an incidental encoding task, participants were more likely to remember the locations of positive and negative arousing pictures than the locations of non-arousing pictures, indicating better binding of location to picture. This arousal-enhanced binding effect did not have a cost for the binding of nearby pictures to their locations. Thus, arousal can enhance binding of an arousing picture's content to its location without interfering with picture-location binding for nearby pictures. In addition, arousal-enhanced picture-location memory binding is not just a side effect of enhanced memory for the picture itself, as it occurs both when recognition memory is good and when it is poor. Keywords memory binding; arousal; emotion; location; interference Emotionally arousing events are more likely to be recalled later than non-arousing events. This emotional memory enhancement has been demonstrated in many lab studies using stimuli such as pictures and words (

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“…This neural prioritization of emotionally significant information appears to reflect motivational importance (i.e., high vs low) rather than motivational direction (i.e., approach vs avoid). Extant neuroimaging evidence suggests a common effect of physiological arousal on perceptual cortical processing, with greater overall magnitude of visual cortical response to both positive and negative stimuli (Lang et al, 1998;Bradley et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Opposing Influences of Affective State Valence on Visual Cortical Encoding

Schmitz¹,

Rosa²,

Anderson³

2009

J. Neurosci.

160

131

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Positive and negative emotional states are thought to have originated from fundamentally opposing approach and avoidance behaviors. Furthermore, affective valence has been hypothesized to exert opposing biases in cognitive control. Here we examined with functional magnetic resonance imaging whether the opposing influences of positive and negative states extend to perceptual encoding in the visual cortices. Based on prior behavioral research, we hypothesized that positive states would broaden and negative states would narrow visual field of view (FOV). Positive, neutral, and negative states were induced on alternating blocks. To index FOV, observers then viewed brief presentations (300 ms) of face/place concentric center/surround stimuli on interleaved blocks. Central faces were attended, rendering the place surrounds unattended. As face and place information was presented at different visual eccentricities, our physiological metric of FOV was a valence-dependent modulation of place processing in the parahippocampal place area (PPA). Consistent with our hypotheses, positive affective states increased and negative states decreased PPA response to novel places as well as adaptation to repeated places. Individual differences in self-reported positive and negative affect correlated inversely with PPA encoding of peripheral places, as well as with activation in the mesocortical prefrontal cortex and amygdala. Psychophysiological interaction analyses further demonstrated that valence-dependent responses in the PPA arose from opponent coupling with extrafoveal regions of the primary visual cortex during positive and negative states. These findings collectively suggest that affective valence differentially biases gating of early visual inputs, fundamentally altering the scope of perceptual encoding.

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Activation of the visual cortex in motivated attention.

Cited by 450 publications

References 59 publications

Externalizing proneness and brain response during pre-cuing and viewing of emotional pictures

Externalizing proneness and brain response during pre-cuing and viewing of emotional pictures

Arousal-enhanced location memory for pictures

Opposing Influences of Affective State Valence on Visual Cortical Encoding

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