Adult Neurogenesis and Parkinsons Disease

Arias-Carrión, Óscar; Freundlieb, Nils; Oertel, Wolfgang H.; Höglinger, Günter U.

doi:10.2174/187152707783220875

Cited by 35 publications

(34 citation statements)

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“…As stated previously, the subventricular zone is also represented in these organotypic slices, thus making the model relevant for the study of neurogenesis in neurodegenerative disease Arias-Carrión et al (2007). In particular, the generation of new dopaminergic neurons under conditions of striatal degeneration, by stimulation of endogenous neurogenesis or by cell grafts, still represents a compelling alternative to PD therapy which at the moment only uses palliative treatments.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An organotypic culture model to study nigro-striatal degeneration

Cavaliere¹,

Vicente

Matute³

2010

Journal of Neuroscience Methods

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An organotypic culture model to study nigro-striatal degeneration

Cavaliere¹,

Vicente

Matute³

2010

Journal of Neuroscience Methods

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“…NPCs derived immature neurons or neuroblasts in the SVZ are capable of long-distance migration along the rostral migratory stream (RMS), where they differentiate into functional neurons in the olfactory bulb (OB) [7,10,11,12]. Previously, the striatum has been considered as non-neurogenic area of the adult brain [13], but a number of studies have suggested the production of new neurons in the striatum of nonhuman primates [14], rats [15], and rabbits [16]. Notably, the turnover of a portion of newborn neurons has also been reported recently in the striatum of adult human brains, whereas in HD patients, the striatum is apparently depleted of newly generated neurons [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduction in Subventricular Zone-Derived Olfactory Bulb Neurogenesis in a Rat Model of Huntington’s Disease Is Accompanied by Striatal Invasion of Neuroblasts

et al. 2015

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Huntington’s disease (HD) is an inherited progressive neurodegenerative disorder caused by an expanded CAG repeat in exon 1 of the huntingtin gene (HTT). The primary neuropathology of HD has been attributed to the preferential degeneration of medium spiny neurons (MSN) in the striatum. Reports on striatal neurogenesis have been a subject of debate; nevertheless, it should be considered as an endogenous attempt to repair the brain. The subventricular zone (SVZ) might offer a close-by region to supply the degenerated striatum with new cells. Previously, we have demonstrated that R6/2 mice, a widely used preclinical model representing an early onset HD, showed reduced olfactory bulb (OB) neurogenesis but induced striatal migration of neuroblasts without affecting the proliferation of neural progenitor cell (NPCs) in the SVZ. The present study revisits these findings, using a clinically more relevant transgenic rat model of late onset HD (tgHD rats) carrying the human HTT gene with 51 CAG repeats and mimicking many of the neuropathological features of HD seen in patients. We demonstrate that cell proliferation is reduced in the SVZ and OB of tgHD rats compared to WT rats. In the OB of tgHD rats, although cell survival was reduced, the frequency of neuronal differentiation was not altered in the granule cell layer (GCL) compared to the WT rats. However, an increased frequency of dopamenergic neuronal differentiation was noticed in the glomerular layer (GLOM) of tgHD rats. Besides this, we observed a selective proliferation of neuroblasts in the adjacent striatum of tgHD rats. There was no evidence for neuronal maturation and survival of these striatal neuroblasts. Therefore, the functional role of these invading neuroblasts still needs to be determined, but they might offer an endogenous alternative for stem or neuronal cell transplantation strategies.

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“…However, there are some doubts and assumptions stating that attenuation of neurogenesis is not a cause of depression, but it is rather one of its functional outcomes (Airan et al 2007). For quite a long-time postulated association between disturbances in formation, proliferation, and differentiation of NSCs and pathogenesis of neurological diseases, Alzheimer’s (Veereraghavalu et al 2010; Sun et al 2009; Rodriguez et al 2008) and Parkinson’s (Bertilsson et al 2008; Arias-Carrion et al 2007) also seems to be of great importance. It is suggested that decrease of self-renewal rate of certain neural cells populations, e.g., in substantia nigra, hippocampus, or some neocortex areas ( Bonfanti and Peretto 2011 ), could constitute one of the causes of mentioned diseases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypothalamic Subependymal Niche: A Novel Site of the Adult Neurogenesis

2014

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The discovery of undifferentiated, actively proliferating neural stem cells (NSCs) in the mature brain opened a brand new chapter in the contemporary neuroscience. Adult neurogenesis appears to occur in specific brain regions (including hypothalamus) throughout vertebrates’ life, being considered an important player in the processes of memory, learning, and neural plasticity. In the adult mammalian brain, NSCs are located mainly in the subgranular zone (SGZ) of the hippocampal dentate gyrus and in the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the lateral ventricle ependymal wall. Besides these classical regions, hypothalamic neurogenesis occurring mainly along and beneath the third ventricle wall seems to be especially well documented. Neurogenic zones in SGZ, SVZ, and in the hypothalamus share some particular common features like similar cellular cytoarchitecture, vascularization pattern, and extracellular matrix properties. Hypothalamic neurogenic niche is formed mainly by four special types of radial glia-like tanycytes. They are characterized by distinct expression of some neural progenitor and stem cell markers. Moreover, there are numerous suggestions that newborn hypothalamic neurons have a significant ability to integrate into the local neural pathways and to play important physiological roles, especially in the energy balance regulation. Newly formed neurons in the hypothalamus can synthesize and release food intake regulating neuropeptides and they are sensitive to the leptin. On the other hand, high-fat diet positively influences hypothalamic neurogenesis in rodents. The nature of this intriguing new site of adult neurogenesis is still so far poorly studied and requires further investigations.

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Adult Neurogenesis and Parkinsons Disease

Cited by 35 publications

References 0 publications

An organotypic culture model to study nigro-striatal degeneration

An organotypic culture model to study nigro-striatal degeneration

Reduction in Subventricular Zone-Derived Olfactory Bulb Neurogenesis in a Rat Model of Huntington’s Disease Is Accompanied by Striatal Invasion of Neuroblasts

Hypothalamic Subependymal Niche: A Novel Site of the Adult Neurogenesis

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