Associations between fractional anisotropy and problematic alcohol use in juvenile justice-involved adolescents

Thayer, Rachel E.; Callahan, Tiffany J.; Weiland, Barbara J.; Hutchison, Kent E.; Bryan, Angela D.

doi:10.3109/00952990.2013.834909

Cited by 20 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Greater number of lifetime drinks was associated with smaller subcortical WM volume [61], but another study using the same sample found no differences in WM integrity measures between adolescent drinkers and non- or low-drinkers [66]. Several cross-sectional studies of adolescent alcohol use and WM measures have found lower FA in corpus callosum, corona radiata, inferior and superior longitudinal fasciculi [14, 22–23, 67]. Other studies found greater FA among adolescents with AUDs compared to their non-drinking peers in limbic tracts even when matching groups for age [24], or that a higher number of lifetime drinking occasions was associated with increased superior longitudinal fasciculus integrity in adolescents [67].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reduced WM integrity has been demonstrated in adult alcohol users compared to age-matched low or non-drinkers [1, 17–18] in frontal and temporal tracts, cortico-striatal tracts, and corpus callosum [18–21]. Among adolescents, some studies suggest reduced WM integrity in drinkers in long-range tracts spanning posterior to frontal regions [14, 22–23], while others have suggested small areas of increased WM integrity [24]. However, it remains unclear whether areas of positive association reflect premorbid risk or a causal association with alcohol use [24–25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Structural neuroimaging correlates of alcohol and cannabis use in adolescents and adults

et al. 2017

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Background and Aims Chronic alcohol use is associated with lower gray matter volume, and we recently reported that alcohol use showed negative associations with widespread gray matter (GM) volume even among young adults. The current study aimed to test the strength of association between (1) alcohol use and GM volume; (2) alcohol use and white matter (WM) integrity; (3) cannabis use and GM volume; and (4) cannabis use and WM integrity among adults and adolescents. Design and Setting General linear models within large pooled cross-sectional samples of adolescents and adults who had participated in studies collecting substance use and neuroimaging data in the southwestern United States. Participants The current analysis included adults ages 18–55 years (N=853) and adolescents ages 14–18 years (N=439) with a range of alcohol and cannabis use. Measurements The dependent variable was GM volume or WM integrity, with key predictors of alcohol use (AUDIT score) and cannabis use (past 30-day use). Findings Alcohol use showed large clusters of negative associations (ηp2=.028 to .145, p<.001) with GM volume among adults, and to a lesser extent (one cluster; ηp2=.070, p<.05) among adolescents. Large clusters showed significant associations (ηp2=.050 to .124, p<.001) of higher alcohol use with poorer WM integrity, whereas adolescents showed no significant associations between alcohol use and WM. No associations were observed between structural measures and past 30-day cannabis use in adults or adolescents. Conclusions Alcohol use severity is associated with widespread lower gray matter volume and white matter integrity in adults, and with lower gray matter volume in adolescents.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural neuroimaging correlates of alcohol and cannabis use in adolescents and adults

et al. 2017

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“…MRI studies of adolescent drinkers have shown that alcohol exposure disrupts the development of temporal 30,32,39,41,42 and frontal [27][28][29][30]39,42 cortices and myelinated fiber tracks throughout the brain. [33][34][35]39,40,42 It is not known if these effects reverse if drinking stops. Studies of cognition have found modest deficits in attention and visuospatial ability, and visuospatial performance recovers with abstinence.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast with the mixed evidence for effects of adolescent drinking on gray matter, the majority of studies reviewed present evidence for neurotoxic effects of alcohol on developing myelinated pathways, [33][34][35]39,40,42 which is consistent with the degradation of white matter tracts seen in adult alcoholics. (The exception to this pattern is the South African study that found no decreased areas of FA 37 ).…”

Section: Summary Of the Effects Of Alcohol Drinking On Gray And Whitementioning

confidence: 93%

“…34 Reductions in FA were found by a second group using a different population, youth involved with the juvenile justice system. 35 Compared to low-scoring controls, adolescents with a high Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) score had significantly lower FA in regions from the right and left posterior corona radiata and right superior longitudinal fasciculus. One cluster in the right anterior corona radiata showed higher FA in the high AUDIT group.…”

Section: Cross-sectional Mri Studies Of White Matter Organizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Does alcohol damage the adolescent brain? Neuroanatomical and neuropsychological consequences of adolescent drinking

Fleming

2015

NAN

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Alcohol drinking is a significant risk factor for morbidity and mortality in adolescents worldwide. Adolescents frequently binge drink, and this pattern of use is associated with poor school performance, injuries, violence, drug use, and a variety of poor psychosocial outcomes in adulthood. These associations have raised concerns that alcohol drinking may damage the adolescent brain and lead to impaired cognition and behavior. Similar to the neurotoxicity seen in adult alcoholics, magnetic resonance imaging studies of brain anatomy in adolescent drinkers have shown that alcohol disrupts the development of temporal and frontal cortices and myelinated fiber tracts throughout the brain. Although adult brains show some recovery with abstinence, at present, no studies have examined brain recovery in adolescents. Studies of neuropsychological function have found deficits in attention and visuospatial ability that show dose-dependent correlations with alcohol exposure and withdrawal symptoms, but visuospatial performance recovers with short-term abstinence. Differences in executive function and decisionmaking have also been found, but the available evidence suggests that these are not primarily the result of alcohol exposure; instead, they reflect premorbid factors that increase risk-taking and substance use. Nevertheless, alcohol drinking by adolescents remains an important concern because of the potential for brain injury in addition to the many negative consequences associated with acute intoxication.

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Global white matter microstructural abnormalities associated with addiction liability score in drug naïve youth

Hulvershorn

Hummer

et al. 2017

Brain Imaging and Behavior

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Abnormalities in brain white matter (WM) structure have been reported in youths having a family history of substance use disorders (SUDs). It was hypothesized that these abnormalities constitute features of the liability for SUDs transmitted across generations. The association between severity of intergenerational risk for SUD, measured by the Transmissible Liability Index (TLI), and white matter microstructure was examined. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) measured WM microstructure in forty-four drug-naïve 10-14 year-olds (N = 19 with parental SUD). Metrics of WM microstructure (i.e., fractional anisotropy, radial diffusivity, mean diffusivity and axial diffusivity) were quantified across the whole brain and in four tracts of interest: anterior corona radiata, superior and inferior longitudinal fasciculi and superior fronto-occipital fasciculi. The TLI was completed by the youths, their parents and, when available, their teachers. The relationship between WM structure and TLI score across the entire group was evaluated using linear multiple regression and between group comparisons were also examined. Fractional anisotropy and radial diffusivity in multiple tracts across the brain were significantly associated with TLI scores. Confirming and extending prior research, the findings indicate that global atypicality in WM tracts was linearly related to liability for eventual SUD development in drug naïve youths.

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Associations between fractional anisotropy and problematic alcohol use in juvenile justice-involved adolescents

Cited by 20 publications

References 39 publications

Structural neuroimaging correlates of alcohol and cannabis use in adolescents and adults

Structural neuroimaging correlates of alcohol and cannabis use in adolescents and adults

Does alcohol damage the adolescent brain? Neuroanatomical and neuropsychological consequences of adolescent drinking

Global white matter microstructural abnormalities associated with addiction liability score in drug naïve youth

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