Brain abnormalities in human obesity: A voxel-based morphometric study

Pannacciulli, Nicola; Parigi, Angelo Del; Chen, Kewei; Le, Daniel; Reiman, Eric M.; Tataranni, P. Antonio

doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2006.01.047

Cited by 468 publications

(434 citation statements)

References 43 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

370

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…This study of lean and obese subjects demonstrates an association between higher fasting plasma leptin concentrations and reduced GM in brain regions previously shown to have reduced GM in obese persons, including the inferior frontal operculum, postcentral gyrus, and putamen [5]. These associations were independent of body fat, the major determinant of leptin concentrations, and other known confounders, such as sex, age, insulin, and global GM volume.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

“…These subjects had been included in a previously performed VBM study of morphological differences in brain tissue composition between lean and obese individuals [5]. The present analysis was limited to those individuals for whom fasting plasma samples for measuring leptin concentrations were available.…”

Section: Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Effects of interest were examined using linear contrasts of parameter estimates and are presented as statistical parametric maps of the t statistic. Since a previous study showed reduced GM in the inferior frontal operculum, postcentral gyrus, and putamen of obese subjects compared to lean individuals [5], the small volume correction (SVC) function for these areas was used. These small volumes were determined by using standard anatomical masks obtained from the automated anatomical labelling (AAL) map [21].…”

Section: Statisticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We have recently reported that human obesity is characterized by morphological abnormalities of the brain [5], by using voxel-based morphometry (VBM) [6]. In particular, obese people had reduced grey matter (GM) in several brain areas implicated in the regulation of taste (i.e., inferior frontal operculum and postcentral gyrus), reward (i.e., putamen), and behavioral processing (i.e., middle frontal gyrus), compared with their lean counterparts [5]. This study, however, could not address the possible mechanisms responsible for these brain abnormalities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Relationships between plasma leptin concentrations and human brain structure: A voxel-based morphometric study

Pannacciulli¹,

Le²,

Chen

et al. 2007

Neuroscience Letters

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We have previously demonstrated that obese people have reduced grey matter (GM) in several brain areas, including regions implicated in the regulation of taste (i.e., inferior frontal operculum and postcentral gyrus), reward (i.e., putamen), and behavioral processing (i.e., middle frontal gyrus), compared with their lean counterparts. It is well established that the brain may serve as a direct target for adiposity signals, one of the most important being leptin. We investigated the relationships between fasting plasma leptin concentrations and brain tissue composition in a group of 32 young adult Caucasians (12M/20F, age 32±1 y, body fat 29±1%, mean ± SE) with normal glucose tolerance by using voxel-based morphometry of magnetic resonance imaging scans. Fasting plasma leptin concentrations were positively correlated with grey matter (GM) volumes of the left cerebellum and left inferior temporal gyrus and negatively associated with GM volumes of the left inferior frontal operculum, left postcentral gyrus, and right putamen (P<0.001, uncorrected for multiple comparisons) after adjustment for sex, percent body fat, age, fasting plasma insulin concentrations (i.e., the major determinants of plasma leptin), and global GM volume (thus allowing for an assessment of regional effects only). This study showed an independent, negative correlation between fasting plasma leptin concentrations, which are increased in obesity, and the volumes of GM in brain areas where obese people have reduced GM compared to their lean counterparts. These relationships may explain some of the abnormalities in brain morphology recently found to be associated with excess body fatness.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Section: Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Statisticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Relationships between plasma leptin concentrations and human brain structure: A voxel-based morphometric study

Pannacciulli¹,

Le²,

Chen

et al. 2007

Neuroscience Letters

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…2 Obesity can induce atrophic changes in vulnerable areas of the brain including hippocampus, cingulate gyrus and frontal lobes, which in turn could be a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD). 3,4 Age-related deficits such as decline in immediate memory function have also been exacerbated with higher body mass index (BMI) and abdominal obesity especially in people with AD. 5 Furthermore, the risk of dementia is 2.34 to 3.60 fold higher in obese people with a waist circumference above recommended cut offs.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Adipocytokines: A Potential Link Between Obesity and CNS Disorders

Hafizi¹,

Alipoor²,

Hosseinzadeh‐Attar³

2017

Obes Res Open J

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Gene × Disease Interaction on Orbitofrontal Gray Matter in Cocaine Addiction

Alia‐Klein¹,

Parvaz²,

Woicik³

et al. 2011

Arch Gen Psychiatry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Context Chronic cocaine use has been associated with structural deficits in brain regions having dopamine receptive neurons. However, the concomitant use of other drugs and common genetic variability in monoamine regulation present additional structural variability. Objective To examine variations in gray matter volume (GMV) as a function of lifetime drug use and the monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) genotype in men with cocaine use disorders (CUD) and healthy male controls. Design Cross-sectional comparison between 40 CUD and 42 controls scanned with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to assess GMV and genotyped for the MAOA polymorphism. The impact of cocaine addiction on GM was tested by 1) comparing CUD with controls, 2) testing diagnosis-by-MAOA interactions, and 3) correlating GMV with lifetime cocaine, alcohol, and cigarette smoking, and testing their unique contribution to GM beyond other factors. Outcome Measures GMV were derived from MRI with voxel-based-morphometry. Genotyping was performed for a functional polymorphism (a variable number tandem repeat or VNTR) in the promoter region of the MAOA gene with “high” and “low” alleles. Results 1) Individuals with CUD had reductions in GMV in the orbitofrontal (OFC), dorsolateral prefrontal (DLPFC) and temporal cortex, and hippocampus, compared to controls. 2) The OFC reductions were uniquely driven by CUD with low MAOA genotype and by lifetime cocaine use. 3) GMV in the DLPFC and hippocampus, was driven by lifetime alcohol use beyond the genotype and other pertinent variables. Conclusions This study documents for the first time, the enhanced sensitivity of CUD low MAOA carriers to GM loss, specifically in the OFC, indicating that this genotype may exacerbate the deleterious effects of cocaine in the brain. In addition, chronic alcohol use was a major contributor to GM loss in the DLPFC and hippocampus, and is likely to further impair executive function and learning in cocaine addiction.

show abstract

Brain abnormalities in human obesity: A voxel-based morphometric study

Cited by 468 publications

References 43 publications

Relationships between plasma leptin concentrations and human brain structure: A voxel-based morphometric study

Relationships between plasma leptin concentrations and human brain structure: A voxel-based morphometric study

Adipocytokines: A Potential Link Between Obesity and CNS Disorders

Gene × Disease Interaction on Orbitofrontal Gray Matter in Cocaine Addiction

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About