Brain activation to task-irrelevant disorder-related threat in social anxiety disorder: The impact of symptom severity

Heitmann, Carina Yvonne; Feldker, Katharina; Neumeister, Paula; Brinkmann, Leonie; Schrammen, Elisabeth; Zwitserlood, Pienie; Straube, Thomas

doi:10.1016/j.nicl.2017.01.020

Cited by 20 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 95 publications

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“…From a network model perspective, both the generation and regulation of emotion were supported by automatic responses in subcortical regions modulated by top-down feedback from the prefrontal regions ( 56 ). One study suggested that increasing symptom severity in SAD patients might reflect a growing imbalance between neural mechanisms related to stimulus-driven bottom-up and regulatory top-down processes resulting in dysfunctional regulation strategies ( 57 ). Combined with these studies, the altered brain GMVs were likely systematically related to SAD and thus might underlie the alterations in brain functioning consistently reported and replicated in those regions ( 16 , 51 , 58 , 59 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One study also reported age-related negative correlations with GMV in some anatomical brain networks, including the middle frontal gyrus, frontal medial cortex, precuneus, and lateral occipital cortex, in middle-aged to older adults ( 73 ). SAD patients showed greater activity than HC in response to disorder-related vs. neutral scenes in brain regions associated with emotion regulation (e.g., DLPFC) and self-referential processing (e.g., the precuneus) ( 57 ). Functional connectivity research also suggested an altered interplay between cortical regions (e.g., the PFC and precuneus) in SAD patients ( 61 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gray Matter Structural Alterations in Social Anxiety Disorder: A Voxel-Based Meta-Analysis

et al. 2018

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The current insight into the neurobiological pathogenesis underlying social anxiety disorder (SAD) is still rather limited. We implemented a meta-analysis to explore the neuroanatomical basis of SAD. We undertook a systematic search of studies comparing gray matter volume (GMV) differences between SAD patients and healthy controls (HC) using a whole-brain voxel-based morphometry (VBM) approach. The anisotropic effect size version of seed-based d mapping (AES-SDM) meta-analysis was conducted to explore the GMV differences of SAD patients compared with HC. We included eleven studies with 470 SAD patients and 522 HC in the current meta-analysis. In the main meta-analysis, relative to HC, SAD patients showed larger GMVs in the left precuneus, right middle occipital gyrus (MOG) and supplementary motor area (SMA), as well as smaller GMV in the left putamen. In the subgroup analyses, compared with controls, adult patients (age ≥ 18 years) with SAD exhibited larger GMVs in the left precuneus, right superior frontal gyrus (SFG), angular gyrus, middle temporal gyrus (MTG), MOG and SMA, as well as a smaller GMV in the left thalamus; SAD patients without comorbid depressive disorder exhibited larger GMVs in the left superior parietal gyrus and precuneus, right inferior temporal gyrus, fusiform gyrus, MTG and superior temporal gyrus (STG), as well as a smaller GMV in the bilateral thalami; and currently drug-free patients with SAD exhibited a smaller GMV in the left thalamus compared with HC while no larger GMVs were found. For SAD patients with different clinical features, our study revealed directionally consistent larger cortical GMVs and smaller subcortical GMVs, including locationally consistent larger precuneus and thalamic deficits in the left brain. Age, comorbid depressive disorder and concomitant medication use of the patients might be potential confounders of SAD at the neuroanatomical level.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gray Matter Structural Alterations in Social Anxiety Disorder: A Voxel-Based Meta-Analysis

et al. 2018

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“…Recently, two fMRI studies using disorder-related visual scenes have reported the hyperactivation of the CMS (dorsal MPFC and PCC/precuneus) and insula as well as amygdala in response to disorder-related versus neutral scenes in SAD 90,91). In one fMRI study92) investigating the attentional bias toward internal and external social threats, participants were exposed to internal threat (pulse-sounds) and external threat (facial crowds) while performing a visual search task.…”

Section: Main Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural Correlates of Self-referential Processing and Their Clinical Implications in Social Anxiety Disorder

Yoon

Seo

Kim

et al. 2019

Clin Psychopharmacol Neurosci

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Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is associated with aberrant self-referential processing (SRP) such as increased self-focused attention. Aberrant SRP is one of the core features of SAD and is also related to therapeutic interventions. Understanding of the underlying neural correlates of SRP in SAD is important for identifying specific brain regions as treatment targets. We reviewed functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies to clarify the neural correlates of SRP and their clinical implications for SAD. Task-based and resting fMRI studies have reported the cortical midline structures including the default mode network, theory of mind-related regions of the temporo-parietal junction and temporal pole, and the insula as significant neural correlates of aberrant SRP in SAD patients. Also, these neural correlates are related to clinical improvement on pharmacological and cognitive-behavioral treatments. Furthermore, these could be candidates for the development of novel SAD treatments. This review supports that neural correlates of SAD may be significant biomarkers for future pathophysiology based treatment.

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“…has been consistently demonstrated in individuals who are social inhibited, shy, and socially anxious. [154][155][156][157][158][159] Further, resting amygdala-pSTS functional connectivity has been linked to biased social attention and perception in social anxiety. 146,160 Collectively, this work suggests that chronic hypervigilance for threat may result from, or result in, increased rGMV in right pSTS.…”

Section: Vbm Findings -Correlations With Social Threat Expectanciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Individual differences in social reward and threat expectancies linked to grey matter volumes in key regions of the social brain

Crawford¹,

Muhlert²,

MacDonald³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Prospection (mentally simulating future events) generates emotionally charged mental images that guide social decision-making. Positive and negative social expectancies -imagining new social interactions to be rewarding vs. threatening -are core components of social approach and avoidance motivation, respectively. Stable individual differences in such positive and negative future-related cognitions may be underpinned by distinct neuroanatomical substrates. Here, we asked 100 healthy adults to vividly imagine themselves in a novel selfrelevant social scenario that was ambiguous with regards to possible social acceptance or rejection. During this task we measured their expectancies for social reward (e.g. anticipated feelings of social connection) or threat (e.g. anticipated feelings of rejection). On a separate day they underwent structural MRI; voxel-based morphometry (VBM) was used to explore the relation between their social reward and threat expectancies and regional grey matter volumes (rGMV). Increased rGMV in key regions involved in prospection, subjective valuation and emotion regulation (including ventromedial prefrontal cortex), correlated with both higher social reward and lower social threat expectancies. In contrast, social threat expectancies were uniquely linked with rGMV of regions involved in social attention (posterior superior temporal sulcus) and interoception (somatosensory cortex). These findings provide novel insight into the neurobiology of future-oriented cognitiveaffective processes critical to adaptive social functioning.

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Brain activation to task-irrelevant disorder-related threat in social anxiety disorder: The impact of symptom severity

Cited by 20 publications

References 95 publications

Gray Matter Structural Alterations in Social Anxiety Disorder: A Voxel-Based Meta-Analysis

Gray Matter Structural Alterations in Social Anxiety Disorder: A Voxel-Based Meta-Analysis

Neural Correlates of Self-referential Processing and Their Clinical Implications in Social Anxiety Disorder

Individual differences in social reward and threat expectancies linked to grey matter volumes in key regions of the social brain

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