Chronic stress, cognitive functioning and mental health

Marin, Marie‐France; Lord, Catherine; Andrews, Julie; Juster, Robert‐Paul; Sindi, Shireen; Arsenault‐Lapierre, Geneviève; Fiocco, Alexandra J.; Lupien, Sonia J.

doi:10.1016/j.nlm.2011.02.016

Cited by 448 publications

(255 citation statements)

References 219 publications

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“…Chronic psychological stress is a major health concern worldwide, as it affects multiple physiologic systems. Stress is a risk factor for several different diseases, including inflammatory disease, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, obesity, diabetes, atherosclerosis, and cancer, as well as neurodegenerative diseases [9,10]. Recently, the association between chronic psychological stress and osteoporosis has been the subject of a growing body of research.…”

Section: Chronic Psychological Stress As a Risk Factor Of Osteoporosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic Psychological Stress as a Risk Factor of Osteoporosis

Chen

Adachi

Hayashi

et al. 2015

J UOEH

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: Osteoporosis, the most common metabolic skeletal disease, is characterized by decreased bone mass and deteriorated bone quality, leading to increased fracture risk. With the aging of the population, osteoporotic fracture is an important public health issue. Organisms are constantly exposed to various stressful stimuli that affect physiological processes. Recent studies showed that chronic psychological stress is a risk factor for osteoporosis by various signaling pathways. The purpose of this article is to review the recent progress of the association between chronic psychological stress and osteoporosis. Increasing evidence confirms the physiological importance of the central nervous system, especially the hypothalamus, in the regulation of bone metabolism. Both animal and human studies indicate that chronic psychological stress induces a decrease of bone mass and deterioration of bone quality by influencing the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axis, sympathetic nervous system, and other endocrine, immune factors. Active mastication, proven to be an effective stress-coping behavior, can attenuate stress-induced neuroendocrine responses and ameliorate stress-induced bone loss. Therefore, active mastication may represent a useful approach in preventing and/or treating chronic stress-associated osteoporosis. We also discuss several potential mechanisms involved in the interaction between chronic stress, mastication and osteoporosis. Chronic stress activates the HPA axis and sympathetic nervous system, suppresses the secretion of gonadal hormone and growth hormone, and increases inflammatory cytokines, eventually leading to bone loss by inhibiting bone formation and stimulating bone resorption.

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Section: Chronic Psychological Stress As a Risk Factor Of Osteoporosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic Psychological Stress as a Risk Factor of Osteoporosis

Chen

Adachi

Hayashi

et al. 2015

J UOEH

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“…[5][6][7][8][9][10] Because stress, both daily hassles and major life events, negatively affects mental and physical health, [11][12][13][14][15][16] the experience of personal-level discrimination, as a stressor, can have profound effects on health. [17][18][19][20] It is now widely hypothesized that the experience of personal-level discrimination is one major factor contributing to the pervasive and prevalent health disparities that many racial/ethnic minorities face in the United States.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential Effects of Personal-Level vs Group-Level Racial Discrimination on Health among Black Americans

2016

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Objective: Racial/ethnic minorities in the United States not only experience discrimination personally but also witness or hear about fellow in-group members experiencing discrimination (ie, group-level discrimination). The objective of our study was to examine whether the effects of group-level discrimination on mental and physical health are different from those of personal level discrimination among Black Americans by drawing upon social psychology research of the Personal/Group Discrimination Discrepancy. Design and Setting: We conducted a secondary analysis of cross-sectional survey data from a larger study. Participants: One hundred and twenty participants, who self-identified as Black/ African Americans during the laboratory sessions (57.5% women, mean age = 48.97, standard deviation = 8.58) in the parent study, were included in our analyses. Main Predictor Measures: Perceived personal- level discrimination was assessed with five items that were taken from two existing measures, and group-level racial discrimination was assessed with three items. Main Outcome Measures: Self-reported physical and mental health were assessed with a modified version of SF-8. Results: Perceived personal-level racial discrimination was associated with worse mental health. In contrast, perceived group-level racial discrimination was associated with better mental as well as physical health. Conclusions: Perceived group-level racial discrimination may serve as one of several health protective factors even when individuals perceive personal-level racial discrimination. The present findings demonstrate the importance of examining both personal- and group-level experiences of racial discrimination as they independently relate to health outcomes for Black Americans. Ethn Dis. 2016;26:453-460; doi:10.18865/ ed.26.3.453

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“…Although the consequences of chronic stress for various behavioral tasks have been addressed in detail in numerous studies (for reviews, see Shors, 2006;Conrad, 2010;Marin et al, 2011), we here highlight only those studies combining electrophysiological measurements with behavioral performance. These showed that chronic stress reduces hippocampal synaptic plasticity in parallel with impaired spatial memory, including the reversal learning aspect (Bodnoff et al, 1995;Zheng et al, 2004;Aleisa et al, 2006a;Ma et al, 2007;Quan et al, 2011a,b), even many months after stress exposure (Sterlemann et al, 2010).…”

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confidence: 99%