Conjugated linoleic acid depresses the δ desaturase index and stearoyl coenzyme A desaturase enzyme activity in porcine subcutaneous adipose tissue

Smith, Stephen B.; Hively, T. S.; Cortese, G. M.; Han, J. J.; Chung, Ki Yong; Casteñada, P.; Gilbert, C. D.; Adams, V. L.; Mersmann, H. J.

doi:10.2527/2002.8082110x

Cited by 93 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…In our study milk samples also showed a marked suppression in total fat content though not as dramatic as the ~50% decrease in milk fat content observed in dairy cattle [8]. Changes in the milk fat and the proportion of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids are similar to that noted for the effect of CLA on body fat stores and is consistent with the inhibition of porcine desaturase activity by CLA [30]. Previous work has shown that suppressing milk fat should induce growth suppression and decrease body weights [11].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 73%

“…Fatty acid profiles from samples of cerebellum and lung from CLA pigs showed no significant differences when compared to tissues from CON pigs (data not shown). CLA has been shown to decrease ∆9 desaturase activity resulting in decreased 16:1 and 18:1 [30]. Changes in monounsaturated fatty acids were not consistently Table IV.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, treatment with the cis-9, trans-11 or the trans-10, cis-12 isomers did not change PPARγ expression in cultures of primary porcine stromal-vascular cells [19]. In vivo studies have shown dietary CLA increases C/EBPα protein [24] and the expression of several metabolic genes in adipose tissue in swine [30]. Because of these conflicting reports, proliferation and differentiation in adipose tissue and primary cultured cells was assessed in this study.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) during gestation and lactation does not alter sow performance or body weight gain and adiposity in progeny

2004

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-The objective of this study was to determine the long-term effects of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) in pigs exposed to CLA during fetal and neonatal growth. Sows were fed a diet with 0.83% soy oil or 0.83% CLA-60 containing 60% active CLA isomers from either d 40 (group 1; CON n = 8, CLA n = 6) or d 75 (group 2; CON n = 8, CLA n = 8) of gestation through weaning on d 28. Within group 1, one male and one female piglet per litter (CON n = 6, CLA n = 5) were sacrificed within 24 hours of birth (d 0) and body weights recorded. Semitendinosus muscle, subcutaneous adipose tissue and organs, including heart, liver, lung, kidney, brain were weighed and tissue samples were frozen. Two average weight barrows and two gilts per litter were weaned and fed standard diets without added CLA until market weight. CLA did not alter sow's feed intake during gestation or lactation, body weight or backfat thickness, and litter size and weight at birth (P > 0.05). CLA decreased newborn pig heart, but not backfat or semitendinosus muscle weights relative to their body weights (d 0). CLA decreased pre-weaning weight in selected piglets but this was not maintained post-weaning. CLA decreased total milk fat by 17% (P < 0.01) and resulted in an increase in the relative amount of saturated fatty acids and a decrease in the relative amount of unsaturated fatty acids in milk on d 21 of lactation (P < 0.05). Decreases in growth rates until d 14 may be due to decreased fat in sow's milk since growth rate and body weight of selected progeny did not differ post-weaning. Serum from newborn CLA pigs suppressed relative preadipocyte number and did not change lipid filling in stromal-vascular cell cultures. The response to this serum was greater in females than in males (P Diet = 0.04; P Diet × Gender = 0.04). Thus, there do not seem to be any long-term effects on growth and body composition of market weight pigs given 0.5% CLA through weaning that would be beneficial in a production scheme. Résumé -La distribution d'acide linoléique conjugué (CLA) pendant la gestation et la lactation n'affecte ni les performances des truies ni le gain de poids corporel et l'adiposité de leurs porcelets. L'objectif de cette étude était de déterminer les effets à long terme de l'acide linoléique conjugué (CLA) chez les porcs recevant du CLA pendant leur croissance foetale et néonatale. Des truies ont été alimentées avec un régime à base d'huile de soja (0,83 %, CON) ou de CLA-60 (0,83 %, CLA) contenant 60 % des isomères actifs de CLA, soit à partir du 40 e jour de gestation (groupe 1 ; CON n = 8, CLA n = 6) soit au 75 e jour de gestation (groupe 2 ; CON n = 8, CLA n = 8) jusqu'au sevrage (28 jours après la naissance). Dans le groupe 1, un porcelet mâle et un porcelet femelle par portée (CON n = 6, CLA n = 5) ont été sacrifiés à moins de 24 heures de la naissance (d 0) et le poids corporel des animaux enregistré. Le muscle semitendinosus, le tissu adipeux sous-cutané et les organes, comprenant le coeur, le foie, le poumon, les reins ainsi que le cerveau ont ...

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 73%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) during gestation and lactation does not alter sow performance or body weight gain and adiposity in progeny

2004

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“…Indirectly, the lower desaturation indexes (expressed as C16:1n-7/1C16:0; C18:1n-9/C18:0) in the adipose and muscle tissues confirms the lower conversion rate of palmitic/stearic to palmitoleic/ oleic acid. The direct determination of the SCD activity in the SF clearly evidenced that the enzyme activity was depressed by CLA, which concurs with the findings of Smith et al (2002). In contrast to the present results where no effect on SCD activity of linseed was observed, Kouba et al (2003) reported lower SCD activity in the adipose tissue of pigs fed crushed linseed compared with pigs fed a control diet for 60 days.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 54%

Effects of two supplementation levels of linseed combined with CLA or tallow on meat quality traits and fatty acid profile of adipose and different muscle tissues in slaughter pigs

Bee

Jacot

Guex

et al. 2008

Animal

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Dietary linseed supply efficiently elevates the linolenic acid concentration of pork. The main problem of increasing the n-3 fatty acid tissue levels arises from a higher susceptibility to lipid oxidation. Increasing the saturation level of tissue lipids by the dietary inclusion of conjugated linoleic acids (CLA) or tallow might prevent oxidation. Thus, the aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of dietary CLA or tallow supplementation combined with extruded linseed on the growth performance, carcass characteristics and fatty acid profile of muscles (longissimus, semimembranosus, biceps femoris) and subcutaneous fat (SF). The enzyme activity of the de novo lipogenesis and stearoyl-CoA desaturase in the SF was also assessed. From 18 to 104 kg BW, 32 Swiss Large White barrows were fed a diet supplemented with either: (1) 2% linseed (L2); (2) 3% linseed (L3); (3) 2% linseed 1 1% CLA (L2-C) or (4) 2% linseed 1 1% tallow (L2-T). The linolenic and eicosatrienoic acid concentrations were higher (P , 0.01) and the P n-6/ P n-3 ratio was lower (P , 0.01) in all tissues of L3 than L2 and L2-T barrows. Only in the SF the docosapentaenoic acid concentration was increased (P , 0.01) in L3 barrows. Compared with the other three diets, feeding the L2-C diets increased (P , 0.01) the amount of myristic, palmitic, stearic and palmitoleic acid at the expense of the oleic and eicosenoic acid content in the intramuscular and SF lipids. Except for the lower (P , 0.05) eicosadienoic acid concentration in the muscles, feeding the L2-C treatment resulted in similar polyunsaturated fatty acid concentrations and P n-6/ P n-3 ratio than feeding L2 or L2-T diets. Both the c9,t11-and t10,c12-CLA isomers found in the CLA-supplemented diet were also detected in the tissues, but the c9,t11-isomer was more abundant than the t10,c12-isomer. De novo lipogenesis was not (P . 0.05) affected by the dietary fats, whereas D9-desaturase activity was depressed (P , 0.05) by CLA inclusion (L2-C). Only when oxidation was challenged by cooking and subsequent storage for 4 days at 48C values of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances were lower (P , 0.05) in longissimus muscle chops of L2-C compared with L2, L3 and L2-T barrows. The present findings revealed that CLA, but not tallow, combined with extruded linseed enhanced the oxidative stability of pork probably by lowering the degree of unsaturation of the lipids without affecting the improved P n-6/ P n-3 ratio.

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“…These enzymes have been extensively studied in a number of species, including pigs. However, there is very limited information about tissue distribution and regulation of expression of these enzymes in cattle (Chang et al, 1992;Smith et al, 2002;Archibeque et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of dietary fatty acids on expression of lipogenic enzymes and fatty acid profile in tissues of bulls

Herdmann

Nuernberg

Martin

et al. 2010

Animal

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This study investigated the effects of dietary linolenic acid (C18:3n-3) v. linoleic acid (C18:2n-6) on fatty acid composition and protein expression of key lipogenic enzymes, acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) and delta 6 desaturase (Δ6d) in longissimus muscle and subcutaneous adipose tissue of bulls. Supplementation of the diet with C18:3n-3 was accompanied by an increased level of n-3 fatty acids in muscle which resulted in decrease of n-6/n-3 ratio. The diet enriched with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) significantly inhibited SCD protein expression in muscle and subcutaneous adipose tissue, and reduced the Δ6d expression in muscle. There was no significant effect of the diet on ACC protein expression. Inhibition of the Δ6d expression was associated with a decrease in n-6 PUFA level in muscles, whereas repression of SCD protein was related to a lower oleic acid (C18:1 cis-9) content in the adipose tissue. Expression of ACC, SCD and Δ6d proteins was found to be relatively higher in subcutaneous adipose tissue when compared with longissimus muscle. It is suggested that dietary manipulation of fatty acid composition in ruminants is mediated, at least partially, through the regulation of lipogenic enzymes expression and that regulation of the bovine lipogenic enzymes expression is tissue specific.

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Conjugated linoleic acid depresses the δ desaturase index and stearoyl coenzyme A desaturase enzyme activity in porcine subcutaneous adipose tissue

Cited by 93 publications

References 28 publications

Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) during gestation and lactation does not alter sow performance or body weight gain and adiposity in progeny

Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) during gestation and lactation does not alter sow performance or body weight gain and adiposity in progeny

Effects of two supplementation levels of linseed combined with CLA or tallow on meat quality traits and fatty acid profile of adipose and different muscle tissues in slaughter pigs

Effect of dietary fatty acids on expression of lipogenic enzymes and fatty acid profile in tissues of bulls

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