Defining Eosinophil Function in Adiposity and Weight Loss

Knights, Alexander J.; Vohralik, Emily J.; Hoehn, Kyle L.; Crossley, Merlin; Quinlan, Kate

doi:10.1002/bies.201800098

Cited by 13 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 25 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…We cannot exclude the influence of other haematopoietic cells to the reduced weight gain and improved metabolic parameters in WT Klf3−/− mice, and while this work explores the contribution of eosinophils, considerable effort in the field is currently being directed towards understanding the diverse roles of various immune cell populations in beiging. Although eosinophil infiltration has been implicated in beiging 3,40 , it is also apparent that artificially increasing their abundance by administration of IL-5 does not appear to significantly improve major metabolic parameters in diet-induced obese mice 7 . The authors proposed that eosinophil activity may be more important than total numbers in AT.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eosinophil function in adipose tissue is regulated by Krüppel-like factor 3 (KLF3)

et al. 2020

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The conversion of white adipocytes to thermogenic beige adipocytes represents a potential mechanism to treat obesity and related metabolic disorders. However, the mechanisms involved in converting white to beige adipose tissue remain incompletely understood. Here we show profound beiging in a genetic mouse model lacking the transcriptional repressor Krüppel-like factor 3 (KLF3). Bone marrow transplants from these animals confer the beige phenotype on wild type recipients. Analysis of the cellular and molecular changes reveal an accumulation of eosinophils in adipose tissue. We examine the transcriptomic profile of adipose-resident eosinophils and posit that KLF3 regulates adipose tissue function via transcriptional control of secreted molecules linked to beiging. Furthermore, we provide evidence that eosinophils may directly act on adipocytes to drive beiging and highlight the critical role of these little-understood immune cells in thermogenesis.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eosinophil function in adipose tissue is regulated by Krüppel-like factor 3 (KLF3)

et al. 2020

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Many studies indicate eosinophils and innate lymphoid type 2 cells are key players in maintaining AT homeostasis, but these studies are not without their caveats (Bolus and Hasty ; Knights et al. ). While high levels of systemically elevated eosinophils have been shown to protect against the effects of high‐fat diet (HFD)‐induced obesity (Wu et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Eosinophils, and other Th2-like innate immune cells, have risen to the forefront of recent AT research. Many studies indicate eosinophils and innate lymphoid type 2 cells are key players in maintaining AT homeostasis, but these studies are not without their caveats (Bolus and Hasty 2018;Knights et al 2018). While high levels of systemically elevated eosinophils have been shown to protect against the effects of high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity (Wu et al 2011;Molofsky et al 2013;Hussaarts et al 2015), restoring AT eosinophils to physiological levels has not recapitulated such beneficial effects (Bolus et al 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity-induced reduction of adipose eosinophils is reversed with low-calorie dietary intervention

2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

While many studies have characterized the inflammatory disposition of adipose tissue (AT) during obesity, far fewer have dissected how such inflammation resolves during the process of physiological weight loss. In addition, new immune cells, such as the eosinophil, have been discovered as part of the AT immune cell repertoire. We have therefore characterized how AT eosinophils, associated eosinophilic inflammation, and remodeling processes, fluctuate during a dietary intervention in obese mice. Similar to previous reports, we found that obesity induced by high‐fat diet feeding reduced the AT eosinophil content. However, upon switching obese mice to a low fat diet, AT eosinophils were restored to lean levels as mice reached the body weight of controls. The rise in AT eosinophils during dietary weight loss was accompanied by reduced macrophage content and inflammatory expression, upregulated tissue remodeling factors, and a more uniformly distributed AT vascular network. Additionally, we show that eosinophils of another metabolically relevant tissue, the liver, did not oscillate with either dietary weight gain or weight loss. This study shows that eosinophil content is differentially regulated among tissues during the onset and resolution of obesity. Furthermore, AT eosinophils correlated with AT remodeling processes during weight loss and thus may play a role in reestablishing AT homeostasis.

show abstract

“…Exogenous ACTH decreases PBEs (Alexander and Ash ; James et al ; Eiler et al ; Stewart et al ), an effect also observed in human subjects (Hain ), but effects of endogenous ACTH on eosinophils in horses with pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction remain uninvestigated. Do eosinophils perform novel functions in the horse? Eosinophils contribute to diverse homeostatic functions in other species such as metabolic control of adipose tissue, transplant rejection, regulation of haematopoiesis, tissue regeneration and angiogenesis (Lee et al ; Kita ; Takeda et al ; Strandmark et al ; De Palma et al ; Weller and Spencer ; Knights et al ; Bentley et al ). A role in tissue repair is suggested in the horse (O'Callaghan et al ; Monahan et al ), but this and other roles remain uninvestigated. Do parasites, anthelmintics or other drugs affect eosinophil function and EAD occurrence?…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eosinophils of the horse: Part II: Eosinophils in clinical diseases

Brosnahan

2020

Equine Veterinary Education

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Interpretation of eosinophilia in body fluids or tissues is often not straightforward. Eosinophil counts vary among clinically healthy individuals, and considerable overlap can occur between normal and affected animals in conditions such as allergic airway disease. Parasite exposure is a confounding factor when counts are increased, and in cases where very high counts and dramatic clinical signs make another disease process obvious, the underlying pathology may be uncertain and treatment difficult. Eosinophils are a component of the immune response in many diseases of the horse, but their specific role is often unknown and likely multifactorial. In helminth infections, eosinophils are assumed to be part of the normal host response to a pathogen, whereas in multisystemic eosinophilic epitheliotropic disease (MEED), the predominance of eosinophils likely represents a wildly dysregulated response, or an abnormal response altogether. This distinction is still not clear for other diseases. Understanding the pathways involved in recruitment, activation or suppression of eosinophils is required for more accurate diagnostics, effective therapeutics, and successful strategies for prevention of eosinophil associated diseases. Eosinophils of the horse: Part II reviews published observations on the eosinophil in clinical diseases of the horse. The behaviour of eosinophils in three common and relatively wellstudied conditions is presented first, including gastrointestinal helminth infections, non-infectious respiratory disease, and insect bite hypersensitivity. The less common eosinophilassociated diseases such as eosinophilic disease confined to the intestine (EDCI) and MEED are considered, followed by a brief summary of the eosinophil in phycomycosis and neoplasia. In conclusion, a panoramic view of the equine eosinophil as presented in Parts I and II is placed in the larger context of current eosinophil research, and areas of study are identified that may improve our understanding of eosinophil biology in equine health and clinical disease. Gastrointestinal parasites of the horse Gastrointestinal helminths are a widespread and well-studied problem in the horse. Clinical disease is associated historically with migratory large strongyles (Strongylus vulgaris, S. edentatus, S. equinus), small strongyles (cyathostomes), tapeworms (Anoplocephala perfoliata) and, in foals, ascarids (Parascarus equorum). Early studies sought to define parasite life cycles, but post-infection necropsies also described the eosinophilic response (Duncan and Pirie 1975). Host immunity and anthelmintics were the focus of later works (Bailey et al. 1989; Steuer et al. 2018). Variables exist across studies, including dosing variations, natural versus experimental

show abstract

Defining Eosinophil Function in Adiposity and Weight Loss

Cited by 13 publications

References 25 publications

Eosinophil function in adipose tissue is regulated by Krüppel-like factor 3 (KLF3)

Eosinophil function in adipose tissue is regulated by Krüppel-like factor 3 (KLF3)

Obesity-induced reduction of adipose eosinophils is reversed with low-calorie dietary intervention

Eosinophils of the horse: Part II: Eosinophils in clinical diseases

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About