Dominance and prestige as differential predictors of aggression and testosterone levels in men

Johnson, Ryan T.; Burk, Joshua A.; Kirkpatrick, Lee A.

doi:10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2007.04.003

Cited by 96 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Men who rated themselves as prestigious had lower circulating levels of testosterone than men who rated themselves as more dominant; using regression modeling, prestige was even found to be a predictor of lower testosterone, and the authors reason that this might serve as a regulatory mechanism to lower aggression (Johnson, Burk, & Kirkpatrick, 2007). This research presents compelling evidence that there are two viable and distinct routes to achieving high status.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…While some studies mentioned above do concern women's prestige and dominance (see Cheng et al, 2013Cheng et al, , 2010Johnson et al, 2007), these studies are based on self-report data which may differ from other's opinions of an individual's dominance and prestige. How cosmetics use fits into the bigger picture of women's social status, with specific focus on prestige and dominance has, to our knowledge, never been tested.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sex Differences in the Perceived Dominance and Prestige of Women With and Without Cosmetics

et al. 2016

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Women wearing cosmetics have been associated with a higher earning potential and higher status jobs. However, recent literature suggests that status can be accrued through two distinct routes: dominance and prestige (Henrich & Gil-White, 2001). In two experiments, we applied a standardized amount of cosmetics to female faces using computer software. We then asked participants to rate faces with and without cosmetics for various traits including attractiveness, dominance, and prestige. Men and women both rated the faces with cosmetics added as higher in attractiveness. However, only women rated faces with cosmetics as higher in dominance, while only men rated them as higher in prestige. In a follow up study, we investigated whether these enhanced perceptions of dominance from women were caused by jealousy. We found that women experience more jealousy toward women with cosmetics, and view these women as more attractive to men and more promiscuous. Our findings suggest that cosmetics may function as an extended phenotype and can alter other's perceptions differently depending on the perceiver's sex.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex Differences in the Perceived Dominance and Prestige of Women With and Without Cosmetics

et al. 2016

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“…First, individuals who tend to use a Dominance strategy across numerous relationships (from here on referred to as individuals high in Dominance, or Dominant individuals) tend to be aggressive, narcissistic, and Machiavellian, whereas those who tend to use a Prestige strategy across relationships (from here on referred to as individuals high in Prestige, or Prestigious individuals) tend to be socially accepted, agreeable, and conscientious and have high self-esteem (Buttermore, 2006;Cheng et al, 2010;Johnson, Burk, & Kirkpatrick, 2007). These findings are based on assessments of Dominance and Prestige with both self-and peer ratings.…”

Section: Differentiating Dominance and Prestige From Other Conceptualmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…d Buss (2008); Henrich & Gil-White (2001); Johnson et al (2007); von Rueden et al (2008Rueden et al ( , 2011.…”

Section: Differentiating Dominance and Prestige From Other Conceptualmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two ways to the top: Evidence that dominance and prestige are distinct yet viable avenues to social rank and influence.

Cheng

Tracy

Foulsham

et al. 2013

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

794

1,048

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The pursuit of social rank is a recurrent and pervasive challenge faced by individuals in all human societies. Yet, the precise means through which individuals compete for social standing remains unclear. In 2 studies, we investigated the impact of 2 fundamental strategies-Dominance (the use of force and intimidation to induce fear) and Prestige (the sharing of expertise or know-how to gain respect)-on the attainment of social rank, which we conceptualized as the acquisition of (a) perceived influence over others (Study 1), (b) actual influence over others' behaviors (Study 1), and (c) others' visual attention (Study 2). Study 1 examined the process of hierarchy formation among a group of previously unacquainted individuals, who provided round-robin judgments of each other after completing a group task. Results indicated that the adoption of either a Dominance or Prestige strategy promoted perceptions of greater influence, by both group members and outside observers, and higher levels of actual influence, based on a behavioral measure. These effects were not driven by popularity; in fact, those who adopted a Prestige strategy were viewed as likable, whereas those who adopted a Dominance strategy were not well liked. In Study 2, participants viewed brief video clips of group interactions from Study 1 while their gaze was monitored with an eye tracker. Dominant and Prestigious targets each received greater visual attention than targets low on either dimension. Together, these findings demonstrate that Dominance and Prestige are distinct yet viable strategies for ascending the social hierarchy, consistent with evolutionary theory.

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“…Taking into account other results, descriptive characteristics of the SSSS' subscales have shown that prestige always presents a higher mean and a lower standard deviation when compared to dominance; these characteristics seem to be generalized according to previous studies in other cultural contexts (Buttermore & Kirkpatrick, 2009;Johnson, Burk & Kirkpatrick, 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-perceived social status: its relation to aggression and personality traits in two Spanish speaking samples

Monge-López¹,

Solas

2017

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Abstract. Dominance and prestige are two strategies to achieve status in humans. Dominance is the use of threat and aggression, and prestige is the pursuit of cultural achievement. This research presents a study carried out through selfreport measures with two native Spanish speaking samples from Madrid (Spain) and San José (Costa Rica). Self-perceived dominance and prestige were correlated with dimensions of aggression and the big five personality traits. Results showed that a component that grouped different aggression subscales and agreeableness was the best predictor of dominance in samples of men and women of both countries. Prestige was mainly predicted by conscientiousness and extraversion in both samples and by low hostility and neuroticism but only in Spanish men.Keywords. Social status, prestige, dominance, personality.Resumen. Dominancia y prestigio se han propuesto como estrategias para alcanzar estatus en humanos. La dominancia es el uso de amenazas y agresión, y el prestigio es la búsqueda de logros culturales. Esta investigación fue llevada a cabo utilizando cuestionarios en muestras de habla hispana: Madrid (España) y San José (Costa Rica). La dominancia y el prestigio auto-percibidos fueron correlacionados con dimensiones de la agresión y los cinco grandes rasgos de personalidad. Un componente que agrupó las subescalas de agresión y la afabilidad fue el mejor predictor de la dominancia en ambos sexos de ambos países. El prestigio fue predicho por la escrupulosidad y la extroversión en sendas muestras y por bajas puntuaciones en hostilidad y neuroticismo en hombres españoles.Palabras clave. Estatus social, prestigio, dominancia, personalidad.

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Dominance and prestige as differential predictors of aggression and testosterone levels in men

Cited by 96 publications

References 32 publications

Sex Differences in the Perceived Dominance and Prestige of Women With and Without Cosmetics

Sex Differences in the Perceived Dominance and Prestige of Women With and Without Cosmetics

Two ways to the top: Evidence that dominance and prestige are distinct yet viable avenues to social rank and influence.

Self-perceived social status: its relation to aggression and personality traits in two Spanish speaking samples

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