Economic use of plants is key to their naturalization success

Kleunen, Mark van; Xu, Xinyi; Yang, Qiang; Maurel, Noëlie; Zhang, Zhijie J.; Dawson, Wayne; Essl, Franz; Kreft, Holger; Pergl, Jan; Pyšek, Petr; Weigelt, Patrick; Moser, Dietmar; Lenzner, Bernd; Fristoe, Trevor S.

doi:10.1038/s41467-020-16982-3

Cited by 95 publications

(107 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Hotspots of high plant richness and endemism include Mesoamerica, the tropical Andes, the Amazon, Brazil’s Atlantic rainforest, Central Africa, the western Ghats, South-East Asia, and many islands (e.g., Madagascar, New Guinea), mountainous regions (e.g., Alps, Caucasus) and Mediterranean areas (e.g., Cape floristic region). Despite their international recognition, most of these regions have become increasingly depleted under ongoing human pressures, whereas richness may increase at their periphery through repeated introductions in gardens and disturbed habitats [ 56 ]. These processes are leading to a global loss of diversity and increasing biotic homogenisation [ 57 ].…”

Section: The History Of Diversity Hotspotsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward Unifying Global Hotspots of Wild and Domesticated Biodiversity

Pironon

Borrell

Ondo

et al. 2020

Plants

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Global biodiversity hotspots are areas containing high levels of species richness, endemism and threat. Similarly, regions of agriculturally relevant diversity have been identified where many domesticated plants and animals originated, and co-occurred with their wild ancestors and relatives. The agro-biodiversity in these regions has, likewise, often been considered threatened. Biodiversity and agro-biodiversity hotspots partly overlap, but their geographic intricacies have rarely been investigated together. Here we review the history of these two concepts and explore their geographic relationship by analysing global distribution and human use data for all plants, and for major crops and associated wild relatives. We highlight a geographic continuum between agro-biodiversity hotspots that contain high richness in species that are intensively used and well known by humanity (i.e., major crops and most viewed species on Wikipedia) and biodiversity hotspots encompassing species that are less heavily used and documented (i.e., crop wild relatives and species lacking information on Wikipedia). Our contribution highlights the key considerations needed for further developing a unifying concept of agro-biodiversity hotspots that encompasses multiple facets of diversity (including genetic and phylogenetic) and the linkage with overall biodiversity. This integration will ultimately enhance our understanding of the geography of human-plant interactions and help guide the preservation of nature and its contributions to people.

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Section: The History Of Diversity Hotspotsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward Unifying Global Hotspots of Wild and Domesticated Biodiversity

Pironon

Borrell

Ondo

et al. 2020

Plants

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“…We consider two additional predictors, mean species range within a family and economic use, to be able to disentangle the role and relative importance of evolutionary history from these other important drivers of naturalization success. Economic use is one major driver of plant invasions (van Kleunen et al 2020) Accepted Article with estimates of 75-93% of naturalized alien plants being cultivated worldwide (van Kleunen et al 2018). The more individuals of a species (and the more species of a family) are traded and cultivated, the more farreaching the dispersal of propagules and the higher the likelihood that the species becomes established outside its native range.…”

Section: Accepted Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

“…All rights reserved Besides evolutionary and ecological reasons, socioeconomic factors and human history strongly influence the geographic distribution of alien species worldwide. Horticulture is a major driver of transporting plant species across the world (Bradley et al 2012;Mayer et al 2017;van Kleunen et al 2018van Kleunen et al , 2020.…”

Section: Accepted Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

Role of diversification rates and evolutionary history as a driver of plant naturalization success

et al. 2020

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 Human introductions of species beyond their natural ranges and subsequent establishment are defining features of global environmental change. However, naturalized plants are not uniformly distributed across phylogenetic lineages, with some families contributing disproportionately more to the global alien species pool than others. Additionally, lineages differ in diversification rates and high diversification rates have been associated with characteristics that increase species naturalization success. Here, we investigate the role of diversification rates in explaining the naturalization success of angiosperm plant families.  We use five global datasets including native and alien plant species distribution, horticultural use of plants and a time-calibrated angiosperm phylogeny. Using Phylogenetic Generalized Linear Mixed Models, we analysed the effect of diversification rate, different geographical range measures and horticultural use on the naturalization success of plant families.  We show that a family's naturalization success is positively associated with its evolutionary history, native range size and economic use. Investigating interactive effects of these predictors shows that native range size and geographic distribution additionally affect naturalization success. High diversification rates and large ranges increase naturalization success especially of temperate families. Accepted Article This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved  We suggest this may result from lower ecological specialization in temperate families with large ranges, compared to tropical families with smaller ranges.

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“…Successful plant invasions are conditioned on context-specific factors that include use (van Kleunen et al 2020) and transport by humans (Kueffer 2017), degree of climate matching (Thuiller et al 2005), residence time (Wilson et al 2007), propagule pressure (Simberloff 2009), geography of habitat alteration and anthropogenic disturbance (Lembrechts et al 2016), and the invasibility of particular communities and biogeographic regions (Richardson & Pyšek 2006). Nonetheless, successful invasions have been correlated in comparative studies with a suite of traitsauto-fertility (Razanajatovo et al 2016), self-compatibility (Hao et al 2011), height (van Kleunen et al 2007), small seeds (Hamilton et al 2005), high specific leaf area (Hamilton et al 2005), large native range size (Schmidt et al 2012, van Kleunen et al 2007, broad climate and habitat tolerances (Schmidt et al 2012, Bradshaw et al 2008, competitive ability (Guo et al 2018), variability and perhaps plasticity in growth form and life history (Schmidt et al 2012), abiotic pollination (Hao et al 2011), polyploidy (Schmidt et al 2012) and hybridization (Ellstrand & Schierenbeck 2000) that appear consistently advantageous (Table 1).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Opposing macroevolutionary and trait-mediated patterns of threat and naturalization in flowering plants

Schmidt

Davies

Farrell

2020

Preprint

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Due to expanding global trade and movement, new plant species are establishing in exotic ranges at increasing rates while the number of native species facing extinction from multiple threats grows. Yet, how species losses and gains globally may together be linked to traits and macroevolutionary processes is poorly understood. Here we show that, adjusting for diversification rate and age, the proportion of threatened species across flowering plant families is negatively related to the proportion of naturalized species. Moreover, naturalization is positively associated with climate variability, short generation time, autonomous seed production, and interspecific hybridization, but negatively with age and diversification; whereas threat is negatively associated with climate variability and hybridization, and positively with biotic pollination, age and diversification. Such a pronounced signature of naturalization and threat across plant families suggests that both trait syndromes have coexisted over deep evolutionary time and that neither strategy is necessarily superior to the other.

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Economic use of plants is key to their naturalization success

Cited by 95 publications

References 48 publications

Toward Unifying Global Hotspots of Wild and Domesticated Biodiversity

Toward Unifying Global Hotspots of Wild and Domesticated Biodiversity

Role of diversification rates and evolutionary history as a driver of plant naturalization success

Opposing macroevolutionary and trait-mediated patterns of threat and naturalization in flowering plants

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