Emotional perception: Correspondence of early and late event-related potentials with cortical and subcortical functional MRI

Sabatinelli, Dean; Keil, Andreas; Frank, David W.; Lang, Peter

doi:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2012.04.005

Cited by 190 publications

(184 citation statements)

References 58 publications

(64 reference statements)

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“…In contrast with the lack of overt limbic hyper-response, it is relevant to note that the largest between-group difference was the increase in visual cortex activation in SAD. This finding is in concordance with previous studies postulating an important role of the visual cortex in emotional arousal at the perception level (Sabatinelli et al 2007(Sabatinelli et al , 2012McTeague et al 2011). In our assessment, symptom provocation was not associated with increased psychophysiological arousal, but instead SAD patients showed reduced heart rate responses.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Neural response to the observable self in social anxiety disorder

et al. 2012

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Background. Distorted images of the observable self are considered crucial in the development and maintenance of social anxiety. We generated an experimental situation in which participants viewed themselves from an observer's perspective when exposed to scrutiny and evaluation by others.Method. Twenty patients with social anxiety disorder (SAD) and 20 control subjects were assessed using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during the public exposure of pre-recorded videos in which they were each shown performing a verbal task. The examiners acted as the audience in the experiment and rated performance. Whole-brain functional maps were computed using Statistical Parametric Mapping.Results. Robust activation was observed in regions related to self-face recognition, emotional response and general arousal in both study groups. Patients showed significantly greater activation only in the primary visual cortex. By contrast, they showed significant deactivation or smaller activation in dorsal frontoparietal and anterior cingulate cortices relevant to the cognitive control of negative emotion. Task-related anxiety ratings revealed a pattern of negative correlation with activation in this frontoparietal/cingulate network. Importantly, the relationship between social anxiety scores and neural response showed an inverted-U function with positive correlations in the lower score range and negative correlations in the higher range.Conclusions. Our findings suggest that exposure to scrutiny and evaluation in SAD may be associated with changes in cortical systems mediating the cognitive components of anxiety. Disorder severity seems to be relevant in shaping the neural response pattern, which is distinctively characterized by a reduced cortical response in the most severe cases.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Neural response to the observable self in social anxiety disorder

et al. 2012

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“…Furthermore, the later positive components (P3 and LPP) have been shown to be sensitive to stimulus predictability (Picton, 1992), and might therefore be responsive to unpredictable picture valence. Importantly, it has been suggested that the LPP is generated in the brain networks associated with visual and emotional processing (Liu et al, 2012;Sabatinelli, Keil, Frank, & Lang, 2013), including regions that have been shown to be modulated by uncertainty (Sarinopoulos et al, 2010;Williams et al, 2015). Thus, we chose the P2 as an early, more phasic indicator, and the LPP as a later indicator of sustained attentional processing in the present study.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Uncertainty is associated with increased selective attention and sustained stimulus processing

Dieterich

Endraß

Kathmann

2016

Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci

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Uncertainty about future threat has been found to be associated with an overestimation of threat probability and is hypothesized to elicit additional allocation of attention. We used event-related potentials to examine uncertainty-related dynamics in attentional allocation, exploiting brain potentials' high temporal resolution and sensitivity to attention. Thirty participants performed a picture-viewing task in which cues indicated the subsequent picture valence. A certain-neutral and a certain-aversive cue accurately predicted subsequent picture valence, whereas an uncertain cue did not. Participants overestimated the effective frequency of aversive pictures following the uncertain cue, both during and after the task, signifying expectancy and covariation biases, and they tended to express lower subjective valences for aversive pictures presented after the uncertain cue. Pictures elicited increased P2 and LPP amplitudes when their valence could not be predicted from the cue. For the LPP, this effect was more pronounced in response to neutral pictures. Uncertainty appears to enhance the engagement of early phasic and sustained attention for uncertainly cued targets. Thus, defensive motivation related to uncertainty about future threat elicits specific attentional dynamics implicating prioritization at various processing stages, especially for nonthreatening stimuli that tend to violate expectations.

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“…Studies found LPP amplitudes correlating positively with the BOLDsignal from visual areas, indicating facilitated or enhanced processing and thus supporting the idea that the LPP corresponds to attention (Keil, Bradley, Hauk, Rockstroh, Elbert and Lang, 2002;Sabatinelli, Lang, Keil and Bradley, 2007;Sabatinelli, Keil, Frank and Lang, 2012). Scharmüller, Leutgeb, Schäfer, Köchel and Schienle (2011) used source localization on ERP data (sLORETA) in spider phobic participants and found neural sources of LPP amplitudes (550-770 ms) in regions involved with visual processing (paracentral aeas) but also in top-down (frontal cortex) and emotional processing (cingulate cortex, insula and parahippocampal gyrus).…”

Section: Lppmentioning

confidence: 53%

“…They further located neural sources of P3 amplitudes in spider phobics to areas involved with visual processing (parieto-occipital areas). Sabatinelli et al, (2012) also found positive correlations between LPP amplitudes and the BOLDsignal from subcortical structures (amygdala, ventral striatum/nucleus accumbens, anterior insula and anterior cingulated). Olofsson, et al, 2008).…”

Section: Lppmentioning

confidence: 67%