Exploring the role of macular thickness as a potential early biomarker of neurodegeneration in acute schizophrenia

Sarkar, Sukanto; Rajalakshmi, A R; Sankaran, Avudaiappan; Eswaran, Shanti

doi:10.1007/s10792-021-01831-z

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Some structural changes at the macula have been reported in schizophrenia, including reduced central macular thickness (Sarkar et al, 2021) and an increased foveal avascular zone (Silverstein et al, 2021). These may explain the localized mfERG functional differences reported in schizophrenia, with normal PERGs that are summed over a larger macular area and are not sensitive enough to be altered by foveal changes (Bernardin et al, 2021).…”

Section: Schizophreniamentioning

confidence: 99%

Retinal electrophysiology in central nervous system disorders. A review of human and mouse studies

2023

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The retina and brain share similar neurochemistry and neurodevelopmental origins, with the retina, often viewed as a “window to the brain.” With retinal measures of structure and function becoming easier to obtain in clinical populations there is a growing interest in using retinal findings as potential biomarkers for disorders affecting the central nervous system. Functional retinal biomarkers, such as the electroretinogram, show promise in neurological disorders, despite having limitations imposed by the existence of overlapping genetic markers, clinical traits or the effects of medications that may reduce their specificity in some conditions. This narrative review summarizes the principal functional retinal findings in central nervous system disorders and related mouse models and provides a background to the main excitatory and inhibitory retinal neurotransmitters that have been implicated to explain the visual electrophysiological findings. These changes in retinal neurochemistry may contribute to our understanding of these conditions based on the findings of retinal electrophysiological tests such as the flash, pattern, multifocal electroretinograms, and electro-oculogram. It is likely that future applications of signal analysis and machine learning algorithms will offer new insights into the pathophysiology, classification, and progression of these clinical disorders including autism, attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, depression, Parkinson’s, and Alzheimer’s disease. New clinical applications of visual electrophysiology to this field may lead to earlier, more accurate diagnoses and better targeted therapeutic interventions benefiting individual patients and clinicians managing these individuals and their families.

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Section: Schizophreniamentioning

confidence: 99%

Retinal electrophysiology in central nervous system disorders. A review of human and mouse studies

2023

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“…Schizophrenia and bipolar disorder are severe mental disorders affecting about 2% of the population. [68] Although increasing research has recognized schizophrenia and bipolar disorder as neurological diseases with regional degeneration of neuronal cells, [69,70] the exact causes of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder have not yet been clarified. In recent genome-wide association studies, NDST3 was reported to be implicated in these diseases.…”

Section: Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disordermentioning

confidence: 99%

Tubulin deacetylase NDST3 modulates lysosomal acidification: Implications in neurological diseases

Tang

Wang

2022

BioEssays

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Neurological diseases (NDs), featured by progressive dysfunctions of the nervous system, have become a growing burden for the aging populations. N‐Deacetylase and N‐sulfotransferase 3 (NDST3) is known to catalyze deacetylation and N‐sulfation on disaccharide substrates. Recently, NDST3 is identified as a novel deacetylase for tubulin, and its newly recognized role in modulating microtubule acetylation and lysosomal acidification provides fresh insights into ND therapeutic approaches using NDST3 as a target. Microtubule acetylation and lysosomal acidification have been reported to be critical for activities in neurons, implying that the regulators of these two biological processes, such as the previously known microtubule deacetylases, histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) and sirtuin 2 (SIRT2), could play important roles in various NDs. Aberrant NDST3 expression or tubulin acetylation has been observed in an increasing number of NDs, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia (ALS/FTD), schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, Alzheimer's disease (AD), and Parkinson's disease (PD), suggesting that NDST3 is a key player in the pathogenesis of NDs and may serve as a target for development of new treatment of NDs.

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“…The retina shares similar physiological and anatomical characteristics with the cerebrum, and the alterations of retinal structural and microvascular parameters may reflect similar variation of those in the cerebral or other end organs ( 15 – 19 ). Recently, thinner nerve fiber layer thickness and enlargement of retinal venules have been reported in patients with mental disorders ( 20 – 22 ). However, traditional methods of measuring retinal microvasculature, such as fundus photography and color Doppler imaging, have the limitation of inconvenient operation and low reliability, which results in the inability of these methods to be widely used in MDD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a Novel Retina−Based Diagnostic Score for Early Detection of Major Depressive Disorder: An Interdisciplinary View

Liu

Lai

et al. 2022

Front. Psychiatry

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BackgroundClinically effective markers for the diagnosis of major depressive disorder (MDD) are lacking. Alterations in retinal features are closely related to the pathophysiological progression of MDD. However, the reliable retina-related diagnostic model for MDD remains to be developed. Thus, our study aimed to quantitatively evaluate retinal vascular and structural changes in MDD patients and to develop a reliable diagnostic model of MDD based on retinal parameters.MethodsSeventy-eight patients with MDD and 47 healthy controls (HCs) underwent retinal vessel density and structure examination using optical coherence tomography angiography and visual field examination using perimetry. Independent-sample t test was used to assess the differences in retinal parameters between the groups. Meanwhile, we constructed the corresponding retina-based diagnostic model by LASSO logistic regression. Finally, the diagnostic ability of the model was evaluated by area under the curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic curves and calibration plot of nomogram.ResultsMDD patients showed lower retinal vessel density (including radial peripapillary capillary vessel density, superficial and deep capillary plexus vessel density), thinner subfoveal choroidal thickness, and poorer visual fields compared to HCs (all p < 0.05). Furthermore, a retina-based diagnostic model was constructed and shows a strong diagnostic capability for MDD (AUC = 0.9015, p < 0.001).ConclusionPatients with MDD showed distinct retinal features compared to HCs. The retina-based diagnostic model is expected to be a necessary complement to the diagnosis of MDD.

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Exploring the role of macular thickness as a potential early biomarker of neurodegeneration in acute schizophrenia

Cited by 10 publications

References 40 publications

Retinal electrophysiology in central nervous system disorders. A review of human and mouse studies

Retinal electrophysiology in central nervous system disorders. A review of human and mouse studies

Tubulin deacetylase NDST3 modulates lysosomal acidification: Implications in neurological diseases

Development of a Novel Retina−Based Diagnostic Score for Early Detection of Major Depressive Disorder: An Interdisciplinary View

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