Functional Neuroanatomy of Emotion: A Meta-Analysis of Emotion Activation Studies in PET and fMRI

Phan, K. Luan; Wager, Tor D.; Taylor, Stephan F.; Liberzon, Israel

doi:10.1006/nimg.2002.1087

Cited by 3,008 publications

(2,248 citation statements)

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“…Throughout the experiment, participants' brain responses were monitored using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). We predicted that, relative to exposure to neutral pictures, exposure to negative pictures would activate both negative feelings and emotional brain circuits such as the amygdalae and the insulae (Phan et al, 2002). In addition, we predicted that task load would increase activation in brain regions implicated in cognitive processing, such as the dorsolateral frontal cortex, the superior parietal cortex, and the dorsal occipital cortex (Duncan and Owen, 2000;Rypma et al, 1999).…”

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confidence: 99%

Tuning down the emotional brain: An fMRI study of the effects of cognitive load on the processing of affective images

Dillen

Heslenfeld

Koole³

2009

NeuroImage

200

163

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a b s t r a c t a r t i c l e i n f oThe present research examines whether cognitive load can modulate the processing of negative emotional stimuli, even after negative stimuli have already activated emotional centers of the brain. In a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study, participants viewed neutral and negative stimuli that were followed by an attention-demanding arithmetic task. As expected, exposure to negative stimuli led to increased activation in emotional regions (the amygdalae and the right insula). Subsequently induced task load led to increased activation in cognitive regions (right dorsolateral frontal cortex, right superior parietal cortex). Importantly, task load down-regulated the brain's response to negative stimuli in emotional regions. Task load also reduced subjectively experienced negative emotion in response to negative stimuli. Finally, coactivation analyses suggest that during task performance, activity in right dorsolateral frontal cortex was related to activity in the amygdalae and the right insula. Together, these findings indicate that cognitive load is capable of tuning down the emotional brain.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Tuning down the emotional brain: An fMRI study of the effects of cognitive load on the processing of affective images

Dillen

Heslenfeld

Koole³

2009

NeuroImage

200

163

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“…This is consistent with a hierarchical model based on feedforward processing of expression (Lohse et al, 2016; Wang et al, 2016). Later time windows are characterized by patterns in the insular, prefrontal and orbitofrontal cortices, previously associated with emotional processing especially at the later stages of integration and evaluation (Chikazoe, Lee, Kriegeskorte, & Anderson, 2014; Phan, Wager, Taylor, & Liberzon, 2002). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatiotemporal dynamics in human visual cortex rapidly encode the emotional content of faces

Dima

Perry

Messaritaki

et al. 2018

Human Brain Mapping

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Recognizing emotion in faces is important in human interaction and survival, yet existing studies do not paint a consistent picture of the neural representation supporting this task. To address this, we collected magnetoencephalography (MEG) data while participants passively viewed happy, angry and neutral faces. Using time‐resolved decoding of sensor‐level data, we show that responses to angry faces can be discriminated from happy and neutral faces as early as 90 ms after stimulus onset and only 10 ms later than faces can be discriminated from scrambled stimuli, even in the absence of differences in evoked responses. Time‐resolved relevance patterns in source space track expression‐related information from the visual cortex (100 ms) to higher‐level temporal and frontal areas (200–500 ms). Together, our results point to a system optimised for rapid processing of emotional faces and preferentially tuned to threat, consistent with the important evolutionary role that such a system must have played in the development of human social interactions.

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“…The subgenual part of the ACC is the repository of negative emotion where intense sadness is associated with increases in regional cerebral blood flow (Mayberg et al., 1999). In contrast, the pregenual part of the ACC is associated with positive emotion (Phan, Wager, Taylor, & Liberzon, 2002; Vogt, Berger, & Derbyshire, 2003). Although the types of emotion associated with the subgenual and pregenual ACC are different, we could not divide the ACC into positive and negative emotion areas due to the present parcellation method based on resting‐state, rather than task fMRI.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional and anatomical connectivity‐based parcellation of human cingulate cortex

et al. 2018

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IntroductionHuman cingulate cortex (CC) has been implicated in many functions, which is highly suggestive of the existence of functional subregions.MethodsIn this study, we used resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs‐fMRI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to parcellate the human cingulate cortex (CC) based on resting‐state functional connectivity (rsFC) patterns and anatomical connectivity (AC) patterns, to analyze the rsFC patterns and the AC patterns of different subregions, and to recognize whether the parcellation results obtained by the two different methods were consistent.ResultsThe CC was divided into six functional subregions, including the anterior cingulate cortex, dorsal anterior midcingulate cortex, ventral anterior midcingulate cortex, posterior midcingulate cortex, dorsal posterior cingulate cortex, and ventral posterior cingulate cortex. The CC was also divided into ten anatomical subregions, termed Subregion 1 (S1) to Subregion 10 (S10). Each subregion showed specific connectivity patterns, although the functional subregions and the anatomical subregions were internally consistent.ConclusionsUsing different model MRI images, we established a parcellation scheme, which is internally consistent for the human CC, which may provide an in vivo guide for subregion‐level studies and improve our understanding of this brain area at subregional levels.

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Functional Neuroanatomy of Emotion: A Meta-Analysis of Emotion Activation Studies in PET and fMRI

Cited by 3,008 publications

References 121 publications

Tuning down the emotional brain: An fMRI study of the effects of cognitive load on the processing of affective images

Tuning down the emotional brain: An fMRI study of the effects of cognitive load on the processing of affective images

Spatiotemporal dynamics in human visual cortex rapidly encode the emotional content of faces

Functional and anatomical connectivity‐based parcellation of human cingulate cortex

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