Have we met before? Neural correlates of emotional learning in women with social phobia

Laeger, Inga; Keuper, Kati; Heitmann, Carina Yvonne; Kugel, Harald; Dobel, Christian; Eden, Annuschka; Arolt, Volker; Zwitserlood, Pienie; Dannlowski, Udo; Zwanzger, Peter

doi:10.1503/jpn.130091

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 61 publications

(69 reference statements)

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“…Additionally, we conducted a psychophysiological interaction analysis (PPI) to detect possible patterns of altered network connectivity related to the reward versus control condition as used by Laeger et al [Friston et al, ; Laeger et al, ]. Therefore, the cluster demonstrating the strongest effect in the preceding fMRI post hoc t ‐test (reward > control contrast for obese > normal‐weight subjects) was defined as seed region ( x = 36, y = 18, z = −14, k = 208 voxels).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced neural responsiveness to reward associated with obesity in the absence of food‐related stimuli

Opel

Redlich

Grotegerd

et al. 2015

Human Brain Mapping

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced neural responsiveness to reward associated with obesity in the absence of food‐related stimuli

Opel

Redlich

Grotegerd

et al. 2015

Human Brain Mapping

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“…The slices were tilted 251 from the anterior commissure/ posterior commissure line to minimize dropout artifacts in the orbitofrontal and mediotemporal regions. Functional imaging data were analyzed using Statistical Parametric Mapping (SPM8, http://www.fil.ion.ucl.ac.uk/spm) using published protocols (see, eg, Laeger et al, 2014b). Images were realigned and unwarped, spatially normalized to standard MNI space (Montreal Neurological Institute), and smoothed with a Gaussian kernel of 6 mm full width at half maximum (FWHM).…”

Section: Fmri Taskmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxytocin Receptor Gene Methylation: Converging Multilevel Evidence for a Role in Social Anxiety

Ziegler

Dannlowski

Bräuer

et al. 2015

Neuropsychopharmacol

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156

100

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Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is a commonly occurring and highly disabling disorder. The neuropeptide oxytocin and its receptor (OXTR) have been implicated in social cognition and behavior. This study-for the first time applying a multilevel epigenetic approachinvestigates the role of OXTR gene methylation in categorical, dimensional, and intermediate neuroendocrinological/neural network phenotypes of social anxiety. A total of 110 unmedicated patients with SAD and matched 110 controls were analyzed for OXTR methylation by direct sequencing of sodium bisulfite-converted DNA extracted from whole blood. Furthermore, OXTR methylation was investigated regarding SAD-related traits (Social Phobia Scale (SPS) and Social Interaction Anxiety Scale (SIAS)), salivary cortisol response during the Trier social stress test (TSST), and amygdala responsiveness to social phobia related verbal stimuli using fMRI. Significantly decreased OXTR methylation particularly at CpG Chr3: 8 809 437 was associated with (1) the categorical phenotype of SAD (po0.001, Cohen's d ¼ 0.535), (2) increased SPS and SIAS scores (po0.001), (3) increased cortisol response to the TSST (p ¼ 0.02), and (4) increased amygdala responsiveness during social phobia-related word processing (right: p corr o0.001; left: p corr ¼ 0.005). Assuming that decreased OXTR methylation confers increased OXTR expression, the present finding may reflect a compensatory upregulation for pathologically reduced oxytocin levels or a causally relevant increased OXTR activation in SAD and related traits. OXTR methylation patterns might thus serve as peripheral surrogates of oxytocin tone and aid in establishing accessible biomarkers of SAD risk allowing for indicated preventive interventions and personalized treatment approaches targeting the oxytocin system.

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“…Likewise, learning progress can be continuously monitored, because a matching judgment is required in every trial. This paradigm has been successfully employed in a number of studies to associate novel words with pictures of existing concepts, using both spoken novel words (Breitenstein et al, 2005 , 2007 ; Yu and Smith, 2007 ; Dobel et al, 2010 ; Liuzzi et al, 2010 ; Freundlieb et al, 2012 ) and written novel words (Laeger et al, 2014 ). To our knowledge, our implementation is the first to associate word-word pairs instead of word-picture pairs based on this statistical procedure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stroop effects from newly learned color words: effects of memory consolidation and episodic context

2015

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The Stroop task is an excellent tool to test whether reading a word automatically activates its associated meaning, and it has been widely used in mono- and bilingual contexts. Despite of its ubiquity, the task has not yet been employed to test the automaticity of recently established word-concept links in novel-word-learning studies, under strict experimental control of learning and testing conditions. In three experiments, we thus paired novel words with native language (German) color words via lexical association and subsequently tested these words in a manual version of the Stroop task. Two crucial findings emerged: When novel word Stroop trials appeared intermixed among native-word trials, the novel-word Stroop effect was observed immediately after the learning phase. If no native color words were present in a Stroop block, the novel-word Stroop effect only emerged 24 h later. These results suggest that the automatic availability of a novel word's meaning depends either on supportive context from the learning episode and/or on sufficient time for memory consolidation. We discuss how these results can be reconciled with the complementary learning systems account of word learning.

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Have we met before? Neural correlates of emotional learning in women with social phobia

Cited by 10 publications

References 61 publications

Enhanced neural responsiveness to reward associated with obesity in the absence of food‐related stimuli

Enhanced neural responsiveness to reward associated with obesity in the absence of food‐related stimuli

Oxytocin Receptor Gene Methylation: Converging Multilevel Evidence for a Role in Social Anxiety

Stroop effects from newly learned color words: effects of memory consolidation and episodic context

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