Imbalance of circulating Tfr/Tfh ratio in patients with rheumatoid arthritis

Wang, Xiuzhen; Yang, Chunshu; Xu, Feng; Qi, Lin; Wang, Jia‐Ning; Yang, Pingting

doi:10.1007/s10238-018-0530-5

Cited by 56 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Increased and decreased frequencies of cTfr cells are found in RA patients, while no significant difference is found in early‐stage RA . The frequency of cTfr cells has negative or no correlation with disease activity, and the ratio of cTfr/cTfh is correlated with disease activity . Moreover, increased cTfr cells with enhanced suppressive function and activated CD45RA − Foxp3 high cTfr subset have been found in patients with RA in stable remission compared with patients with active RA and healthy controls .…”

Section: Tfr Cells In Human Diseases and Animal Modelsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Altered frequencies and/or the suppressive capacity of cTfr cells have been elucidated in a multitude of AIDs, including systemic AIDs and organ‐specific AIDs (shown in Table ). Systemic AIDs involve rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), Sjögren's syndrome (SS), ankylosing spondylitis (AS), IgG4‐related disease (IgG4‐RD) and common variable immune deficiency (CVID) . Organ‐specific AIDs involve multiple sclerosis (MS), myasthenia gravis (MG), Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT), primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), type 1 diabetes (T1D) and ulcerative colitis (UC) .…”

Section: Tfr Cells In Human Diseases and Animal Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, increased cTfr cells with enhanced suppressive function and activated CD45RA − Foxp3 high cTfr subset have been found in patients with RA in stable remission compared with patients with active RA and healthy controls . Percentages of cTfr and cTfh cells are decreased when prescribed with methotrexate …”

Section: Tfr Cells In Human Diseases and Animal Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, the alterations of Tfr cells in homogeneous diseases are inconsistent and even opposite. Study participants with different stages of the disease and therapeutic regimens may account for part of the reason because methotrexate, a first‐line medication for RA, has reduced the frequencies of both Tfr and Tfh cells . In addition, distinct markers to define Tfr cells in the same anatomic locations and the same markers to define Tfr cells in distinct anatomic locations have brought about great confusion.…”

Section: Challenges and Unsolved Questions Of Tfr Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…62 The frequency of cTfr cells has negative 58,60 or no correlation 59 with disease activity, and the ratio of cTfr/cTfh is correlated with disease activity. 59,61 Moreover, increased cTfr cells with enhanced suppressive function and activated CD45RA À Foxp3 high cTfr subset have been found in patients with RA in stable remission compared with patients with active RA and healthy controls. 58 Percentages of cTfr and cTfh cells are decreased when prescribed with methotrexate.…”

Section: Tfr Cells In Autoimmune Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Follicular regulatory T cells: a novel target for immunotherapy?

et al. 2020

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High‐affinity antibodies are produced during multiple processes in germinal centres (GCs), where follicular helper T (Tfh) cells interact closely with B cells to support B‐cell survival, differentiation and proliferation. Recent studies have revealed that a specialised subset of regulatory T cells, follicular regulatory T (Tfr) cells, especially fine‐tune Tfh cells and GC B cells, ultimately regulating GC reactions. Alterations in frequencies or function of Tfr cells may result in multiple autoantibody‐mediated or autoantibody‐associated diseases. This review discusses recent insights into the physiology and pathology of Tfr cells, with a special emphasis on their potential roles in human diseases. Discrepancies are common among studies, reflecting the limited understanding of Tfr cells. Further exploration of the mechanisms of Tfr cells in these diseases and thus targeting Tfr cells may help reinstate immune homeostasis and provide novel immunotherapy.

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Section: Tfr Cells In Human Diseases and Animal Modelsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Tfr Cells In Human Diseases and Animal Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Tfr Cells In Human Diseases and Animal Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Challenges and Unsolved Questions Of Tfr Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Tfr Cells In Autoimmune Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Follicular regulatory T cells: a novel target for immunotherapy?

et al. 2020

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Follicular regulatory T cell biology and its role in immune-mediated diseases

Wang

Huang

2021

Journal of Leukocyte Biology

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Follicular regulatory T (Tfr) cells are recently found to be a special subgroup of regulatory T (Treg) cells. Tfr cells play an important role in regulating the germinal center (GC) response, especially modulating follicular helper T (Tfh) cells and GC-B cells, thereby affecting the production of antibodies. Tfr cells are involved in the generation and development of many immune-related and inflammatory diseases. This article summarizes the advances in several aspects of Tfr cell biology, with special focus on definition and phenotype, development and differentiation, regulatory factors, functions, and interactions with T/B cells and molecules involved in performance and regulation of Tfr function. Finally, we highlight the current understanding of Tfr cells involvement in autoimmunity and alloreactivity, and describe some drugs targeting Tfr cells. These latest studies have answered some basic questions in Tfr cell biology and explored the roles of Tfr cells in immune-mediated diseases.

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Tertiary Lymphoid Organs in Rheumatoid Arthritis

Rivellese

Pontarini

Pitzalis

2020

Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology

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Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a chronic systemic autoimmune disease. RA mainly affects the joints, with inflammation of the synovial membrane, characterized by hyperplasia, neo-angiogenesis, and immune cell infiltration that drives local inflammation and, if untreated, can lead to joint destruction and disability. In parallel to the well-known clinical heterogeneity, the underlying synovitis can also be significantly heterogeneous. In particular, in about 40% of patients with RA, synovitis is characterized by a dense lymphocytic infiltrate that can acquire the features of fully functional tertiary lymphoid organs (TLO). These structures amplify autoimmunity and inflammation locally associated with worse prognosis and potential implications for treatment response. Here, we will review the current knowledge on TLO in RA, with a focus on their pathogenetic and clinical relevance.

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Imbalance of circulating Tfr/Tfh ratio in patients with rheumatoid arthritis

Cited by 56 publications

References 35 publications

Follicular regulatory T cells: a novel target for immunotherapy?

Follicular regulatory T cells: a novel target for immunotherapy?

Follicular regulatory T cell biology and its role in immune-mediated diseases

Tertiary Lymphoid Organs in Rheumatoid Arthritis

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