Prevalence of active tuberculosis infection in transplant recipients: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Mamishi, Setareh; Pourakbari, Babak; Moradzadeh, Mina; Leeuwen, Willem B. van; Mahmoudi, Shima

doi:10.1016/j.micpath.2019.103894

Cited by 16 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Up to 95% of active TB cases occur within the first-year post-transplant, with 50–76% of these cases involving the lungs. 3 , 7 – 9 Lung transplant recipients are at greater risk of graft TB infection as the lung is the primary site of infection. 3 , 10 – 12 Disseminated infection is associated with higher mortality 4 , 13 and occurs in 22–39% of transplant recipients with active TB, 6 – 8 a stark contrast with the relatively low incidence of disseminated infection in the general population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disseminated tuberculosis in a lung transplant recipient presenting as tenosynovitis, subcutaneous nodules, and liver abscesses

Barahona

Henao-Cordero

Smith

et al. 2022

Therapeutic Advances in Infection

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Tuberculosis is of particular concern in lung transplant recipients. We present the case of a patient who received a double lung transplant from a deceased donor from Mexico and developed disseminated tuberculosis 60 days post-transplant manifested as tenosynovitis, liver abscesses, and subcutaneous nodules with no definitive lung allograft involvement. The recipient did not have evidence of tuberculosis on explanted lungs, had a negative interferon gamma release assay pre-transplant, and did not have risk factors for this infection. Mycobacterium tuberculosis should remain in the differential diagnosis of early post-transplant infections with atypical presentations, evidence of dissemination, or lack of improvement with appropriate antimicrobial coverage, even in the absence of typical lung findings.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disseminated tuberculosis in a lung transplant recipient presenting as tenosynovitis, subcutaneous nodules, and liver abscesses

Barahona

Henao-Cordero

Smith

et al. 2022

Therapeutic Advances in Infection

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“…TB is associated with mortality as high as 10 to 20%, although rates are decreasing possibly due to heightened clinical suspicion and optimization of treatment approaches to minimize and manage drug-drug interactions. 17,18 The American Society of Transplantation recommends that all transplant candidates be screened and treated for latent TB infection (LTBI) before transplant. 19 As outlined in these guidelines, an assessment should include symptom inquiry, a review of epidemiological risk factors, chest radiography, and either a tuberculin skin test (TST) or interferongamma release assay (IGRA).…”

Section: Tuberculosis Latent Tuberculosis-diagnostic and Therapeutic Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycobacteria: Selection of Transplant Candidates and Post–lung Transplant Outcomes

Friedman

Doucette

2021

Semin Respir Crit Care Med

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Mycobacterium is a large, clinically relevant bacterial genus made up of the agents of tuberculosis and leprosy and hundreds of species of saprophytic nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM). Pathogenicity, clinical presentation, epidemiology, and antimicrobial susceptibilities are exceptionally diverse between species. Patients with end-stage lung disease and recipients of lung transplants are at a higher risk of developing NTM colonization and disease and of severe manifestations and outcomes of tuberculosis. Data from the past three decades have increased our knowledge of these infections in lung transplant recipients. Still, there are knowledge gaps to be addressed to further our understanding of risk factors and optimal treatments for mycobacterial infections in this population.

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“…Among all the infective complications, tuberculosis (TB) is the most common one after renal transplantation. The pooled prevalence of TB included active TB and latent TB infection in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) is 2.51% worldwide, and is even higher in the developing countries [ 3 , 4 ]. Post-transplant TB is considered as a major problem in successful long-term outcome of KTRs [ 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The first report of co-existence of pulmonary tuberculosis and lung malignancy in a kidney transplant recipient: a case report and literature review

Fang

Cheng²,

Huang

et al. 2021

BMC Infect Dis

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Background Along with the medical development, organ transplant patients increase dramatically. Since these transplant patients take immunosuppressants for a long term, their immune functions are in a suppressed state, prone to all kinds of opportunistic infections and cancer. However, it is rarely reported that the kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) have pulmonary tuberculosis and lung cancer simultaneously. Case presentation A 60-year-old male was admitted because of persistent lung shadow for 2 years without any obvious symptom 8 years after renal transplant. T-SPOT test was positive but other etiological examinations for Mycobacterium tuberculosis were negative. Chest CT scan revealed two pulmonary lesions in the right upper and lower lobe respectively. 18F-fluorodesoxyglucose positron-emission tomography (FDG-PET) CT found FDG intake increased in both pulmonary consolidation lesions. CT-guided percutaneous transthoracic needle biopsy revealed lung adenocarcinoma and tuberculosis. The video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery was operated to resect the malignancy lesions. The patient received specific anti-tuberculosis therapy and was discharged. At the follow-up of 6 months post drug withdrawal, the patient was recovered very well. Conclusions We for the first time reported co-existence of smear-negative pulmonary TB and lung adenocarcinoma in a KTR, which highlighted the clinical awareness of co-occurrence of TB and malignancy after renal transplant and emphasized the value of biopsy and 18F-FDG-PET in early diagnosis of TB and cancer.

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Prevalence of active tuberculosis infection in transplant recipients: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Cited by 16 publications

References 48 publications

Disseminated tuberculosis in a lung transplant recipient presenting as tenosynovitis, subcutaneous nodules, and liver abscesses

Disseminated tuberculosis in a lung transplant recipient presenting as tenosynovitis, subcutaneous nodules, and liver abscesses

Mycobacteria: Selection of Transplant Candidates and Post–lung Transplant Outcomes

The first report of co-existence of pulmonary tuberculosis and lung malignancy in a kidney transplant recipient: a case report and literature review

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