Specific adaptation of Ustilaginoidea virens in occupying host florets revealed by comparative and functional genomics

Zhang, Yong; Zhang, Kang; Fang, Anfei; Han, Yanqing; Yang, Jun; Xue, Minfeng; Bao, Jiandong; Hu, Dongwei; Zhou, Bo; Sun, Xiepeng; Li, Shaojie; Wen, Ming; Yao, Nan; Ma, Lijun; Liu, Yongfeng; Zhang, Min; Huang, Fu; Luo, Chaoxi; Zhou, Ligang; Li, Jianqiang; Chen, Zhiyi; Jin, Miao; Wang, Zonghua; Lai, Jinsheng; Xu, Jin‐Rong; Hsiang, Tom; Peng, You-Liang; Sun, Wenxian

doi:10.1038/ncomms4849

Cited by 186 publications

(203 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…reported that effectors cluster non-randomly in the genome of the bacterium Legionella pneumophila . Clustering of effectors has also been observed in the maize smut pathogen Ustilago maydis 56 and rice false smut pathogen Ustilaginoidea virens 57. Interestingly, plant R genes are also frequently found to occur in clusters58.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Genome sequence of Plasmopara viticola and insight into the pathogenic mechanism

Yin

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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Plasmopara viticola causes downy mildew disease of grapevine which is one of the most devastating diseases of viticulture worldwide. Here we report a 101.3 Mb whole genome sequence of P. viticola isolate ‘JL-7-2’ obtained by a combination of Illumina and PacBio sequencing technologies. The P. viticola genome contains 17,014 putative protein-coding genes and has ~26% repetitive sequences. A total of 1,301 putative secreted proteins, including 100 putative RXLR effectors and 90 CRN effectors were identified in this genome. In the secretome, 261 potential pathogenicity genes and 95 carbohydrate-active enzymes were predicted. Transcriptional analysis revealed that most of the RXLR effectors, pathogenicity genes and carbohydrate-active enzymes were significantly up-regulated during infection. Comparative genomic analysis revealed that P. viticola evolved independently from the Arabidopsis downy mildew pathogen Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis. The availability of the P. viticola genome provides a valuable resource not only for comparative genomic analysis and evolutionary studies among oomycetes, but also enhance our knowledge on the mechanism of interactions between this biotrophic pathogen and its host.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Genome sequence of Plasmopara viticola and insight into the pathogenic mechanism

Yin

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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“…RFSm is an example of such a disease. Our knowledge concerning the disease cycle and epidemiology of RFSm is minimal and incomplete or even contradictory (Lee and Gunnell, 1992;Zhang et al, 2014). While there have been "many hypotheses and much speculation" on the disease cycle of RFSm, there remains lack of experimental evidences to prove or disprove those hypotheses (Tang et al, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial Pattern of Natural Spread of Rice False Smut (<i>Ustilaginoidea virens</i>) Disease in Fields

Nessa¹,

Salam²,

Haque³

et al. 2015

American Journal of Agricultural and Biological Sciences

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Pattern of disease spread provides improved knowledge on how the pathogen introduces itself and interacts with environment in fields and expresses as a disease. It is especially significant when epidemiology of a disease, such as Rice False Smut (RFSm), is unclearly understood. Not reported before, this study attempted an analysis of spatial pattern of natural spread of RFSm in nine fields in an intensive rice ecosystem in Bangladesh. Both conventional and specialized statistical methods were applied in the analysis. Results show that the spread of the disease was not similar between and within the fields and even some fields were almost disease free. RFSm recorded aggregation in spaces in most of the fields, but the location of this aggregation differed between the fields. Symptom recorded on panicles in regenerated tillers from harvested main crop (otherwise known as ratoons). The disease tended to be prominent towards proximity of drainage channels. The probability of occurring one diseased tiller per hill was calculated as 73% and cumulative probability of four or less smut balls per diseased panicle as little over 60%. This study establishes soil as the absolute dominant source of initiation of the epidemic. The analysis did not find evidence of any long-or short-distance primary and/or secondary sources of infection. It is concluded that the disease management be directed specific to the fields at risk. It suggests development of a soil testing tool for quantifying inoculum potential in a field to ascertain the risk. With the discovery of symptom on ratoons, this study highlights the need for fresh thinking on identifying the pathway of entry of the pathogen into the plant.

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“…RNA sequencing (RNAseq) technology has become more frequently used to profile fungal pathogen gene expression at particular phases of plant infection (de Jonge et al, 2012;Kleemann et al, 2012;O'Connell et al, 2012;Soanes et al, 2012;Cantu et al, 2013;Garnica et al, 2013;Hacquard et al, 2013;Meinhardt et al, 2014;Zhang et al, 2014). However, comparatively few studies (Kawahara et al, 2012;Yang et al, 2013;Yazawa et al, 2013) have simultaneously analyzed the responses of both pathogen and host, and very few have undertaken such an analysis throughout a complete pathogen reproductive cycle.…”

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confidence: 99%

Transcriptome and Metabolite Profiling of the Infection Cycle of Zymoseptoria tritici on Wheat Reveals a Biphasic Interaction with Plant Immunity Involving Differential Pathogen Chromosomal Contributions and a Variation on the Hemibiotrophic Lifestyle Definition

et al. 2015

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The hemibiotrophic fungus Zymoseptoria tritici causes Septoria tritici blotch disease of wheat (Triticum aestivum). Pathogen reproduction on wheat occurs without cell penetration, suggesting that dynamic and intimate intercellular communication occurs between fungus and plant throughout the disease cycle. We used deep RNA sequencing and metabolomics to investigate the physiology of plant and pathogen throughout an asexual reproductive cycle of Z. tritici on wheat leaves. Over 3,000 pathogen genes, more than 7,000 wheat genes, and more than 300 metabolites were differentially regulated. Intriguingly, individual fungal chromosomes contributed unequally to the overall gene expression changes. Early transcriptional down-regulation of putative host defense genes was detected in inoculated leaves. There was little evidence for fungal nutrient acquisition from the plant throughout symptomless colonization by Z. tritici, which may instead be utilizing lipid and fatty acid stores for growth. However, the fungus then subsequently manipulated specific plant carbohydrates, including fructan metabolites, during the switch to necrotrophic growth and reproduction. This switch coincided with increased expression of jasmonic acid biosynthesis genes and large-scale activation of other plant defense responses. Fungal genes encoding putative secondary metabolite clusters and secreted effector proteins were identified with distinct infection phase-specific expression patterns, although functional analysis suggested that many have overlapping/redundant functions in virulence. The pathogenic lifestyle of Z. tritici on wheat revealed through this study, involving initial defense suppression by a slow-growing extracellular and nutritionally limited pathogen followed by defense (hyper) activation during reproduction, reveals a subtle modification of the conceptual definition of hemibiotrophic plant infection.

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Specific adaptation of Ustilaginoidea virens in occupying host florets revealed by comparative and functional genomics

Cited by 186 publications

References 62 publications

Genome sequence of Plasmopara viticola and insight into the pathogenic mechanism

Genome sequence of Plasmopara viticola and insight into the pathogenic mechanism

Spatial Pattern of Natural Spread of Rice False Smut (<i>Ustilaginoidea virens</i>) Disease in Fields

Transcriptome and Metabolite Profiling of the Infection Cycle of Zymoseptoria tritici on Wheat Reveals a Biphasic Interaction with Plant Immunity Involving Differential Pathogen Chromosomal Contributions and a Variation on the Hemibiotrophic Lifestyle Definition

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