The adipocyte-secreted protein Acrp30 enhances hepatic insulin action

Abstract

Acrp30 is a circulating protein synthesized in adipose tissue. A single injection in mice of purified recombinant Acrp30 leads to a 2-3-fold elevation in circulating Acrp30 levels, which triggers a transient decrease in basal glucose levels. Similar treatment in ob/ob, NOD (non-obese diabetic) or streptozotocin-treated mice transiently abolishes hyperglycemia. This effect on glucose is not associated with an increase in insulin levels. Moreover, in isolated hepatocytes, Acrp30 increases the ability of sub-physiological levels of insulin to suppress glucose production. We thus propose that Acrp30 is a potent insulin enhancer linking adipose tissue and whole-body glucose metabolism.

Different actions of losartan and ramipril on adipose tissue activity and vascular remodeling biomarkers in hypertensive patients

“…[32][33][34] Adiponectin reverses these abnormalities by stimulating oxidation of fatty acids, suppressing gluconeogenesis, inhibiting monocyte adhesion and inhibiting macrophage transformation, as well as proliferation and migration of smooth muscle cells in blood vessels. 17,32,35 In our study, we observed an improvement in both insulin resistance and adiponectinemia in losartan-treated patients. In contrast to other studies, 36 we did not observe any significant change in adiponectinemia in ramipril-treated patients.…”

Adiponectin: a relevant player in PPARγ-agonist-mediated improvements in hepatic insulin sensitivity?

“…36 In particular, insulin-mediated repression of hepatic gluconeogenesis is significantly enhanced, both in vitro, using primary hepatocytes, and in vivo. AMPK activation seems to play an essential role in this process.…”

Globular adiponectin increases GLUT4 translocation and glucose uptake but reduces glycogen synthesis in rat skeletal muscle cells

“…Injection of adiponectin into rodents has been shown to decrease resting blood glucose levels and protect animals with dietinduced obesity from developing insulin resistance [6][7][8][9]. Treatment of isolated skeletal muscle or C 2 C 12 myocytes with adiponectin stimulates glucose transport [6,10,11], suggesting that this may be one mechanism by which adiponectin acts to alleviate hyperglycaemia.…”