The Bricolage of Pig Genomics

Abstract

The history of genomic research on the pig (Sus scrofa)—as uncovered through archival research, oral histories, and the analysis of a quantitative dataset and co-authorship network—demonstrates the importance of two distinct genealogies. These consist of research programs focused on agriculturally oriented genetics, on the one hand, and systematics research concerned with evolution and diversity, on the other. The relative weight of these two modes of research shifted following the production of a reference genome for the species from 2006 to 2011. Before this inflection point, the research captured in our networks mainly involved intensive sequencing that concentrated primarily on increasing the resolution of genomic data both in particular regions and more widely across the genome. Sequencing practices later became more extensive, with greater focus on the generation and comparison of sequence data across and between populations. We explain these shifts in research modes as a function of the availability, circulation, distribution, and exchange of genomic tools and resources—including data and materials—concerning the pig in general, and increasingly for particular populations. Consequently, we describe the history of pig genomics as constituting a kind of bricolage, in which geneticists cobbled together resources to which they had access—often ones produced by them for other purposes—in pursuit of their research aims. The concept of bricolage adds to the thicker vision of genomics that we have shown throughout the special issue and further highlights the singularity of the dominant, thin narrative focused on the production of the human reference sequence at large-scale genome centers. This essay is part of a special issue entitled The Sequences and the Sequencers: A New Approach to Investigating the Emergence of Yeast, Human, and Pig Genomics, edited by Michael García-Sancho and James Lowe.

Humanising and dehumanising pigs in genomic and transplantation research

“…Prior research has established CEA-INRA as a key institution at the nexus of immunological and pig genomics research (Lowe et al, 2022 ). Here, it serves as an illustrative link from the comparative genomic tension between the humanisation and dehumanisation of pigs articulated above, to the way it operates in transplantation research.…”

“… 20 Other significant pig genomics groups have also been explored in the literature (Lowe, 2018 , 2021 ; Lowe et al, 2022 ). Other researchers have been far more involved in the practical aspects of xenotransplantation research, such as David Cooper, David Sachs and Angelika Schnieke.…”

“…Other significant pig genomics groups have also been explored in the literature(Lowe, 2018(Lowe, , 2021Lowe et al, 2022). Other researchers have been far more involved in the practical aspects of xenotransplantation research, such as David Cooper, David Sachs and Angelika Schnieke.21 Nevertheless, in understanding mechanisms of rejection and in effecting improved survival times, transplants from pigs to non-human primates have been performed en route to clinical testing, due to the greater physiological and genetic proximity of non-human primates to humans.…”