The thought translation device (TTD) for completely paralyzed patients

Birbaumer, Niels; Kübler, Andrea; Ghanayim, Nimr; Hinterberger, Thilo; Perelmouter, J.; Kaiser, Jochen; Iversen, Iver H.; Kotchoubey, Boris; Neumann, Nicola; Flor, Herta

doi:10.1109/86.847812

Cited by 413 publications

(229 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…This technique has previously been used to assess human subjects' ability to modulate their own brain activity, by providing an on-line graphical representation of activity in a specific brain region (Weiskopf et al, 2003;deCharms et al, 2004deCharms et al, , 2005. This approach has much in common with traditional biofeedback techniques that have provided on-line feedback of physiological responses such as heart rate or scalp EEG (Schwartz, 1995;Birbaumer et al, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct Instrumental Conditioning of Neural Activity Using Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Derived Reward Feedback

Bray

Shimojo²,

O’Doherty³

2007

J. Neurosci.

129

118

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Successful learning is often contingent on feedback. In instrumental conditioning, an animal or human learns to perform specific responses to obtain reward. Instrumental conditioning is often used by behavioral psychologists to train an animal (or human) to produce a desired behavior. Shaping involves reinforcing those behaviors, which in a stepwise manner are successively closer to the desired behavior until the desired behavior is reached. Here, we aimed to extend this traditional approach to directly shape neural activity instead of overt behavior. To achieve this, we scanned 22 human subjects with functional magnetic resonance imaging and performed image processing in parallel with acquisition. We delineated regions of interest (ROIs) in finger and toe motor/somatosensory regions and used an instrumental shaping procedure to induce a regionally specific increase in activity by providing an explicit monetary reward to reinforce neural activity in the target areas. After training, we found a significant and regionally specific increase in activity in the ROI being rewarded (finger or toe) and a decrease in activity in the nonrewarded region. This demonstrates that instrumental conditioning procedures can be used to directly shape neural activity, even without the production of an overt behavioral response. This procedure offers an important alternative to traditional biofeedback-based approaches and may be useful in the development of future therapies for stroke and other brain disorders.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct Instrumental Conditioning of Neural Activity Using Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Derived Reward Feedback

Bray

Shimojo²,

O’Doherty³

2007

J. Neurosci.

129

118

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Différentes réponses cérébrales peuvent être détectées par une interface cerveau-ordinateur utilisant l'EEG (EEG-BCI). Parmi les réponses électrophysiologiques les plus utilisées, qui sont les potentiels corticaux lents 1 [15], les rythmes sensori-moteurs 2 [16], les potentiels évoqués 3 P300 4 [17] et les potentiels évoqués visuels steady-state (steady-state visually evoked potential, SSVEP) 5 [18,19], deux ont été évaluées comme outil de détection d'une réponse à une commande dans le contexte des troubles de la conscience. Il s'agit des rythmes sensori-moteurs, qui reflétent un changement de l'activité cérébrale dans les régions motrices suite à l'imagination d'un mouvement, et la P300, qui révèle une réponse évoquée par la présentation d'un stimulus inattendu, au sein de stimulus fréquents.…”

Section: Vers Un Paradigme Visuel Indépendantunclassified

Interfaces cerveau-ordinateur,locked-in syndromeet troubles de la conscience

et al. 2015

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“…Apesar de poderem obter dados a partir de registros com as técnicas de eletroencefalografia (EEG), magnetoencefalografia (MEG) e imageamento por ressonância magnética funcional (fMRI), a maioria esmagadora dos trabalhos [2][3][4][5][6][7] é feita com base na primeira forma de aquisição.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Implementação De Classificador De Tarefas Mentais Baseado Em Eeg

Barbosa¹,

Souza²,

Medeiros³

2016

Anais Do 9. Congresso Brasileiro De Redes Neurais

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-Brain-Machine Interfaces (BMIs) provide direct communication between the brain and external devices.They can be used to restore or augment human motor function and have been the focus of great interest in the last two decades in parallel with steady advances in microelectronics and our general understanding of the brain. In general, BMIs can be classified in invasive and non-invasive, depending on the need for surgical access to position the electrodes that will record the activity of neural ensembles. In the current work, we propose a new method for controlling a non-invasive, EEG-based, three class BMI, using motor imagery. For the classifier, we used an artificial neural network (ANN) implementation that learned to distinguish among three task-related EEG patterns. Key-words -Neural Networks, Brain-Machine Interface, EEGResumo -Interfaces Cérebro-Máquina (ICMs) provêm comunicação direta entre o cérebro e dispositivos externos. Elas podem ser usadas para restaurar ou aumentar funcionamento motor humano e tem sido foco de grande interesse nas últimas duas décadas em paralelo com avanços consistentes em microeletrônica e do nosso entendimento geral do cérebro. Em geral, ICMs podem ser classificadas em invasivas e não-invasivas, dependendo da necessidade de acesso através de cirurgia para o posicionamento dos eletrodos que irão registrar a atividade de agrupamento neuronais. Neste trabalho nós propomos um novo método para controlar uma interface não-invasiva, baseada em EEG, de três classes, utilizando imagética motora. Para a classificação, utilizamos uma implementação de rede neural artificial (RNA) que aprendeu a distinguir entre os três padrões de EEG relacionados com as tarefas.

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The thought translation device (TTD) for completely paralyzed patients

Cited by 413 publications

References 10 publications

Direct Instrumental Conditioning of Neural Activity Using Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Derived Reward Feedback

Direct Instrumental Conditioning of Neural Activity Using Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Derived Reward Feedback

Interfaces cerveau-ordinateur,locked-in syndromeet troubles de la conscience

Implementação De Classificador De Tarefas Mentais Baseado Em Eeg

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