Proteinuria is prevalent. When considered together, dipstick-positive proteinuria, blood pressure level, body mass index > or =30 m(2)/kg, and abnormal fasting blood glucose measured on a single occasion identifies different segments of the population. Studies such as this may be a suitable initial clinical approach to general population screening for renal and cardiovascular risk stratification.
This paper reviews and discusses the main procedures and policies that need to be followed when designing and implementing a binational survey such as the United States of America (U.S.)-Mexico Border Diabetes Prevalence Study that took place between 2001 and 2002. The main objective of the survey was to determine the prevalence of diabetes in the population 18 years of age or older along U.S.-Mexico border counties and municipalities. Several political, administrative, financial, legal, and cultural issues were identified as critical factors that need to be considered when developing and implementing similar binational projects. The lack of understanding of public health practices, implementation of existing policies, legislation, and management procedures in Mexico and the United States may delay or cancel binational research, affecting the working relation of both countries. Many challenges were identified: multiagency/multifunding, ethical/budget clearances, project management, administrative procedures, laboratory procedures, cultural issues, and project communications. Binational projects are complex; they require coordination between agencies and institutions at federal, state, and local levels and between countries and need a political, administrative, bureaucratic, cultural, and language balance. Binational agencies and staff should coordinate these projects for successful implementation.
The ISN provides an international forum for the exchange of knowledge, best clinical practice, and research. Since it was founded in 1960, the Society has constantly made major contributions to the worldwide advancement of education, science, and patient care in nephrology.The ISN's more than 7000 members include researchers and clinicians from over 100 countries involved in basic, translational, and applied science. Through this global network of professionals, the ISN is focused on
The aim of the present work was to describe the importance of establishing a strong patient radiation protection program in computed tomography (CT) departments. Radiation protection in computed tomography (CT) deserves special attention since CT is the largest contributor to patient radiation exposure in diagnostic radiology. Radiation protection in CT examinations has been recommended by international organizations as well as AIEA program. As part of our proposals is the dose reduction in CT systems used, ALARA principle application and the enshrined the international guide regulations for the protection of patients were based on. For our staff working with ionizing radiation in CT departments is supervised under national authorities by legal limits but for patient radiation protection has not been involved in the national legislation.
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is highly prevalent among Hispanics. Recently, there has been an increase in reported cases of CVD. Finding measures to deal with the prevention and treatment of these diseases are high on the agenda among healthcare providers, community leaders, and local and state legislatures. These issues are being considered by healthcare professionals and community leaders to bring the situation under control and for prevention of these diseases. The issues are investigated on the basis of the cause of the disease and the relationship among various factors unique to the population and the circumstances that are highly prevalent in the population.The prevalence of the metabolic syndrome is highest among Hispanic adults. Actos and other similar drugs are considered thiazolidinedione anti-diabetic agents that depend on the presence of insulin for their mechanism of action [11]. Actos also decreases insulin resistance in the periphery and in the liver resulting in increased insulin-dependent glucose disposal and decreased hepatic glucose output. Treatment methods of the disease using these medications will be discussed using a number of drugs available in the markets and impacts of them on various age groups consist of male patients.
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