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The CO₂ emission level is becoming a serious issue worldwide. The continuous increase in gasoline price forms the essential base of development of electric vehicle (EV) drives. Moreover, economic and environmental issues relate to fabrication and operation of traditional powered vehicles. The basic considerations and development perspectives of EVs are presented in this paper. The development of an efficiently designed motor and drive satisfy the need of efficient characteristics that enable EVs to perform as part of the propulsion unit. The use of digital signal controllers compared with conventional control systems minimizes the motor’s total harmonic distortion, lowers operating temperatures, and produces high efficiency and power factor ratings. This paper addresses the view of EV technology as well its advantages over other technologies.

In a solar photovoltaic array, it is possible that shadow may fall over some of its cells. Under partial shading conditions the PV characteristic gets more complex with multiple peaks. The purpose of this paper is to illustrate, by analyzing different shading situations, the effects that partial shading can cause in a PV array. First this is done by simulation using Matlab/Simulink, then the impact of shading is illustrated experimentally by measurements on a two commercial 140 W PV panels series connected.

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Nowadays, the evolution in transportation technologies makes the necessity for increasing road safety. In this context, we propose the implementation of a smart onboard GPS/GPRS system to be attached to vehicles for monitoring and controlling their speed. In case of traffic speed violation, a GPRS message containing information about the vehicle such as location and maximum speed is sent to a hosting server located in an authorized office so that the violated vehicle is ticketed. Moreover, this system can also track the vehicle's current location on a Google Map, which is mostly beneficial when vehicles should follow a specific road and in case of robbery. Also geo-casting can have a major role in this model. Some sensors, such as shock/vibration sensor usually attached to the air-bags in vehicles, are attached to the system that in case of accident, it will send notifications to the nearest hospital, police station and civil defense. Our proposed model can be utilized for different implementations, both in public and private sectors. While similar existing systems in Palestine have focalized just on the tracking aspect of vehicles' monitoring, it would be the first system supporting both ticketing and tracking.

In a solar photovoltaic array, it is possible that shadow may fall over some of its cells. Under partial shading conditions the PV characteristic gets more complex with multiple peaks. The purpose of this paper is to illustrate, by analyzing different shading situations, the effects that partial shading can cause in a PV array. First this is done by simulation using Matlab/Simulink, then the impact of shading is illustrated experimentally by measurements on a two commercial 140 W PV panels series connected.