More research is needed in all areas related to the therapeutic use of marijuana in oncology.

In this study, we used event-related potentials to examine how different dimensions of emotion-valence and arousal-influence different stages of word processing under different task demands. In two experiments, two groups of participants viewed the same single emotional and neutral words while carrying out different tasks. In both experiments, valence (pleasant, unpleasant, and neutral) was fully crossed with arousal (high and low). We found that the task made a substantial contribution to how valence and arousal modulated the late positive complex (LPC), which is thought to reflect sustained evaluative processing (particularly of emotional stimuli). When participants performed a semantic categorization task in which emotion was not directly relevant to task performance, the LPC showed a larger amplitude for high-arousal than for low-arousal words, but no effect of valence. In contrast, when participants performed an overt valence categorization task, the LPC showed a large effect of valence (with unpleasant words eliciting the largest positivity), but no effect of arousal. These data show not only that valence and arousal act independently to influence word processing, but that their relative contributions to prolonged evaluative neural processes are strongly influenced by the situational demands (and by individual differences, as revealed in a subsequent analysis of subjective judgments).Keywords Event-related potentials . ERP . LPC . LPP . Late positivity . Emotion . Valence . Arousal . Language . Word processing . Task Emotional stimuli elicit a rapid and coordinated set of responses. They can capture attention, guide evaluative judgments, and mobilize autonomic reflexes quickly and powerfully. These emotion responses are generally described as having an appetitive/aversive direction, called valence, and a level of activation, called arousal. In this study, we used event-related potentials (ERPs), a direct measure of online neural activity, to ask how valence and arousal influence different stages of emotional word processing under different tasks demands.

has been reviewed by the Editorial Board and by special expert referees. Although it is judged not acceptable for publication in Obstetrics & Gynecology in its present form, we would be willing to give further consideration to a revised version. If you wish to consider revising your manuscript, you will first need to study carefully the enclosed reports submitted by the referees and editors. Each point raised requires a response, by either revising your manuscript or making a clear and convincing argument as to why no revision is needed. To facilitate our review, we prefer that the cover letter include the comments made by the reviewers and the editor followed by your response. The revised manuscript should indicate the position of all changes made. We suggest that you use the "track changes" feature in your word processing software to do so (rather than strikethrough or underline formatting).

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the test characteristics of the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) criteria for intrauterine inflammation or infection or both (triple I) and rates of adverse outcomes in a cohort of febrile intrapartum women. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study included women at 24 weeks of gestation or greater from June 2015 to September 2017 at a single tertiary hospital with a temperature 100.4°F or greater (38.0°C) during labor or within 1 hour postpartum, all of whom had blood culture data. Women with a fetal demise, expectantly managed preterm prelabor rupture of membranes, or nonobstetric infections were excluded. Documented fever was defined as a single temperature 102.2°F or greater (39.0°C) or a temperature 100.4°F or greater (38.0°C) but less than 102.2°F (39.0°C) on two measurements 45 minutes apart. We defined two analysis groups: 1) suspected triple I, defined as women with documented fever with clinical signs of infection; and 2) isolated maternal fever, defined as women with at least one temperature 100.4°F or greater (38.0°C) who did not meet criteria for suspected triple I. We assessed test characteristics of suspected triple I to predict 1) confirmed triple I, defined as suspected triple I with placental pathology diagnostic of infection; and 2) adverse clinical infectious outcome, defined as a composite of maternal and neonatal adverse infectious outcomes. We also calculated the incidence of adverse clinical infectious outcomes for both groups. RESULTS: Three hundred thirty-nine women were analyzed: 212 with suspected triple I and 127 with isolated maternal fever. Baseline demographic and obstetric characteristics were similar between groups. The incidence of adverse clinical infectious outcomes was 11.8% among women with suspected triple I and 9.5% among women with isolated maternal fever (P=.50). The sensitivity and specificity of suspected triple I for confirmed triple I were 71.4% (95% CI 61.4–80.1%) and 40.5% (95% CI 33.6–47.8%), respectively, and for an adverse clinical infectious outcome were 67.6% (95% CI 50.2–82.0%) and 38.1% (95% CI 32.6–43.8%), respectively. CONCLUSION: Applying the NICHD criteria to guide clinical diagnosis and management of intrauterine infection or inflammation may overlook an important proportion of laboring febrile women at risk for adverse infectious outcomes.

Cosmetic gynecology surgery has become more popular in recent years, with few studies assessing the long-term benefits and harms of these treatments. Gynecologists should be aware of the lack of evidence supporting the effectiveness of FGCS in light of the growing marketing efforts and patient demand for these procedures.

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INTRODUCTION: High maternal prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) has been linked to adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. Many patients enter prenatal care late and their prepregnancy health status and pregnancy-related weight gain is not available. We examined effects of maternal third-trimester BMI on maternal and neonatal outcomes. METHODS:Retrospective cohort study of all pregnancies delivered at Queens Hospital Center between November 2012 and February 2013. Only patients with at least one third-trimester prenatal care visit at Queens Hospital Center were included. Multiple gestations, intrauterine fetal demise, and known fetal anomalies were excluded. Outcomes of nonobese (BMI less than 30 kg/m 2 ) compared with obese (BMI greater than 30 kg/m 2 ) pregnancies were compared with respect to mode of delivery, rates of shoulder dystocia, maternal morbidity and neonatal weight, ponderal index, and rate of neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission. Categorical variables were compared using contingency tables and x 2 . Continuous variables were analyzed using analysis of variance and regression models with P,.05 considered significant throughout. RESULTS: Three hundred forty-six consecutive patient charts were reviewed. Two hundred fifty women fit study inclusion criteria. The obese (n5112) and nonobese (n5138) groups were similar with respect to rates of gestational diabetes, chronic hypertension, gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, and shoulder dystocia. However, the rates of cesarean delivery and chorioamnionitis were greater in the obese group (P5.027 and P5.034, respectively). The mean neonatal birth weight (and ponderal index) in the obese group was higher: 3,324 compared with 3,024 g (P,.001), whereas the rate of NICU admission did not differ between groups: 32 in both groups (P5.34).CONCLUSIONS: Maternal third-trimester BMI greater than 30 kg/m 2 is associated with higher chorioamnionitis and cesarean delivery rates, higher neonatal birth weight, and ponderal index but not increased NICU admission rate. Larger future studies are necessary to validate these conclusions.INTRODUCTION: As few as 19% of women diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) have glucose screening in the postpartum period. We sought to determine if postpartum diabetes mellitus (DM) screening could occur during the delivery hospitalization. METHODS:Women with GDM who delivered at one institution between August 1, 2012, and July 1, 2013, were approached for enrollment. Women who consented received a 75-g 2-hour glucose tolerance test on postpartum day 2. Women and their clinicians were blinded to the results. These results were compared with the standard 75-g 2-hour glucose tolerance test 4-8 weeks postpartum. Diabetes mellitus was defined as a fasting value 126 mg/dL or greater or a 2-hour value 200 mg/dL or greater.RESULTS: Fifty-eight women agreed to participate; 49 successfully completed the 2-hour glucose tolerance test on postpartum day 2. Reasons for failure to complete the test included nursing or laboratory erro...

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