Racial Colorblindness and Confidence in and Likelihood of Action to Address Prejudice

Yi, Jacqueline; Todd, Nathan R.; Mekawi, Yara

doi:10.1002/ajcp.12409

Cited by 22 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…Thus, Asian Americans who believed that their racial group encountered less discrimination were more likely to believe the world is fair and minimize the existence of structural racism, which in turn was linked to more negative perceptions of Black Americans. This corroborates previous literature demonstrating that colorblindness among Asian Americans is linked to a host of outcomes antithetical to social justice (Yi et al, 2020; Chen et al, 2006), and further suggests that the endorsement of legitimizing ideologies plays a key role in justifying anti-Blackness among Asian Americans. We also found that the direct effect from internalized MMM achievement orientation to anti-Black attitudes remained after controlling for colorblindness and just world beliefs, which suggests that other variables may help to further explain this link.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Internalized model minority myth among Asian Americans: Links to anti-Black attitudes and opposition to affirmative action.

Todd

2021

Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology

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Objectives: The current study contributes to the field's limited knowledge about the sociopolitical consequences of internalized Model Minority Myth (MMM) among Asian Americans. In particular, we examine how the MMM serves as a legitimizing ideology, in which the perpetuation of beliefs about society as fair ultimately maintain racial inequality. Methods: Using path analysis with 251 Asian American college students, we tested a model linking internalized MMM (i.e., attitudes towards Asian Americans as achievement oriented and as having unrestricted mobility, compared to other racial minorities) to anti-Black attitudes and opposition to affirmative action for Black Americans. We examined direct effects of internalized MMM on such outcomes, as well as indirect effects through other legitimizing ideologies, including just world beliefs and racial colorblindness. Results: Findings demonstrated that greater levels of internalized MMM among Asian American college students predicted greater anti-Black attitudes and opposition to affirmative action. Greater internalized MMM achievement orientation and unrestricted mobility also directly predicted greater just world beliefs and colorblindness. Results from our test of indirect effects showed that internalized MMM achievement orientation and unrestricted mobility both indirectly predicted opposition to affirmative action through colorblindness, and unrestricted mobility also indirectly predicted anti-Black attitudes through colorblindness. Also, achievement orientation and unrestricted mobility indirectly predicted anti-Black attitudes through just world beliefs. Conclusions: Our findings have implications for research and practice that promotes awareness of and seeks to challenge the MMM, anti-Blackness, and beliefs about affirmative action among Asian Americans. Public Significance StatementInternalizing the Model Minority Myth (MMM), or the belief that Asian Americans are more hardworking and high-achieving compared to other racial minorities, has negative sociopolitical consequences. Specifically, this study suggests that such beliefs among Asian American college students are linked to more anti-Black attitudes and opposition to affirmative action.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Internalized model minority myth among Asian Americans: Links to anti-Black attitudes and opposition to affirmative action.

Todd

2021

Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology

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“…Color-blind attitudes include a denial of White privilege, denial of the prevalence and existence of blatant racial discrimination, and rejection of the need to address institutional forms of racism (Neville et al, 2000). Moreover, Yi et al (2019) found that men were higher in color-blind attitudes than women (see also, Neville et al, 2014), and in support of other studies, also found that college students of color scored significantly lower on color-blindness than their White counterparts (Neville et al, 2000, 2014). On the other hand, ambivalent sexism refers to the dual and mutual reinforcing attitudes present in sexism: hostile and benevolent sexism (Glick & Fiske, 1996).…”

Section: The Nature Of Microaggressive Behaviors: Race- and Gender-basedsupporting

confidence: 82%

Unpacking young adults’ experiences of race- and gender-based microaggressions

Midgette

Mulvey

2021

Journal of Social and Personal Relationships

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To date the majority of the research on microaggressions has focused on the experiences of targets, rather than the perpetrators, of microaggresive behaviors. The present study set out to investigate 278 college students’ ( Mage = 19.12, SD = 1.34, 52.52% cisgender women, 74.82% European American) reported types of experience (a) unaware, b) aware, c) observer, d) perpetrator, and e) target) with race- and gender-based microaggressive behaviors and the association between their experiences and ambivalent sexist and color-blind racial attitudes. Participants completed an online survey composed of a modified Racial and Ethnic Microaggression Scale (REMS), a modified Female Microaggression Scale (FMS), an Ambivalent Sexism Inventory, and a Color-Blind Racial Attitudes Scale. As hypothesized, participants were more likely to have heard of or seen than to report having been the target or perpetrator of microaggressions. In support of our second hypothesis, significant gender and race differences were found in the frequencies of type of exposure to microaggressions. Finally, as expected, exposure to microaggressions was associated with color-blind and ambivalent sexist attitudes. Unexpectedly, however, complete unawareness of the existence of microaggressions was not associated with social attitudes. This study’s findings highlight the importance of unpacking social experiences of discrimination to better understand what types of experiences contribute to being critical of and reducing the commission of microaggressions.

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“…Similarly, Glasford and Calcagno (2012) found that Latinx participants who read a message emphasizing Black and Latinx people's common disadvantaged identity in U.S. society reported greater willingness to engage in political action on behalf of Black people compared to Latinx participants who read a control message or a message emphasizing group differences between Latinx and Black people. In another series of studies, Yi et al (2020) found that empathy for others' experiences of social inequality was associated with propensity for individual and collective action among college students who were White, Asian American, or other "underrepresented racial groups. "…”

Section: Intergroup Collective Actionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Asian American people’s intragroup and intergroup collective action: Identifying key correlates.

Ouch¹,

Moradi²

2022

Journal of Counseling Psychology

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The present study advanced prior research by examining key correlates of Asian American people's intragroup and intergroup collective action. Building on prior research, this study tested a model of the unique relations of experiences of discrimination, model minority beliefs, intragroup solidarity, and intergroup solidarity with other people of color as correlates of Asian American people's intragroup and intergroup collective action. Single-indicator latent variable path analysis explained 59% and 44% of the variance in intergroup collective action and intragroup collective action, respectively. Experiences of discrimination had a significant unique positive link with both intragroup collective action and intergroup collective action. Model minority achievement orientation beliefs had a significant unique negative link with both intragroup collective action and intergroup collective action. Model minority unrestricted mobility beliefs did not have a significant unique link with either intragroup collective action or intergroup collective action. Intragroup solidarity had a significant unique positive direct link with intragroup collective action, but no unique significant link with intergroup collective action. Intergroup solidarity had a significant unique positive direct link with both intergroup collective action and intragroup collective action. These findings reveal potential points of intervention to foster Asian American people's engagement in intergroup and intragroup collective action. Public Significance StatementResults of this study suggest that Asian American people's greater perceptions of discrimination, lower achievement orientation beliefs, and greater sense of intergroup solidarity with other people of color may promote intergroup collective action with other people of color. Similarly, each of these factors along with greater intragroup solidarity may promote intragroup collective action with other Asian American people.

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Racial Colorblindness and Confidence in and Likelihood of Action to Address Prejudice

Cited by 22 publications

References 75 publications

Internalized model minority myth among Asian Americans: Links to anti-Black attitudes and opposition to affirmative action.

Internalized model minority myth among Asian Americans: Links to anti-Black attitudes and opposition to affirmative action.

Unpacking young adults’ experiences of race- and gender-based microaggressions

Asian American people’s intragroup and intergroup collective action: Identifying key correlates.

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