Individual differences in response to regular physical activity

Bouchard, Claude; Rankinen, Tuomo

doi:10.1097/00005768-200106001-00013

Cited by 739 publications

(704 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Alternatively, it could be that our small sample included several non-responders. Previous studies have comprehensively demonstrated that following a period of exercise training part of the population will not adapt for specific parameters (non-responders), and for insulin sensitivity this has been shown to be the case for up to 40% of the population (Boule et al 2005;Vollaard et al 2009;Bouchard and Rankinen 2001). Therefore, further studies with larger sample sizes will be needed to confirm or refute our initial observations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Towards the minimal amount of exercise for improving metabolic health: beneficial effects of reduced-exertion high-intensity interval training

et al. 2011

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High-intensity interval training (HIT) has been proposed as a time-efficient alternative to traditional cardiorespiratory exercise training, but is very fatiguing. In this study we investigated the effects of a reduced-exertion HIT (REHIT) exercise intervention on insulin sensitivity and aerobic capacity.Twenty-nine healthy but sedentary young men and women were randomly assigned to the REHIT intervention (men: n=7, women n=8) or a control group (men n=6; women n=8). Subjects assigned to the control groups maintained their normal sedentary lifestyle, whilst subjects in the training groups completed 3 exercise sessions per week for 6 weeks. The 10-min exercise sessions consisted of low intensity cycling (60 Watts) and one (1 st session) or two (all other sessions) brief 'all-out' sprints (10 s in week 1, 15 s in weeks 2-3 and 20 s in the final 3 weeks). Aerobic capacity (V O2peak) and the glucose and insulin response to a 75-g glucose load (OGTT) were determined before and 3 days after the exercise program. Despite relatively low ratings of perceived exertion (RPE: 13±1), insulin sensitivity significantly increased by 28% in the male training group following the REHIT intervention (P<0.05). V O2peak increased in the male training (+15%) and female training (+12%) groups (P<0.01). In conclusion we show that a novel, feasible exercise intervention can improve metabolic health and aerobic capacity. REHIT may offer a genuinely time-efficient alternative to HIT and conventional cardiorespiratory exercise training for improving risk factors of T2D.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Towards the minimal amount of exercise for improving metabolic health: beneficial effects of reduced-exertion high-intensity interval training

et al. 2011

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“…For instance, a mean increase of 25 % in endurance performance during a standardized training program hides the fact that some individuals may have improved 50 % or even more, whereas others may not improve at all. Age, sex, and ethnic origin seem to have only minor effect on human responses to regular physical activity, whereas the initial training status and genetic factors are significant contributors to "trainability" of individuals (Bouchard & Rankinen, 2001). No single marker has been identified that can accurately assess how an athlete is adapting and responding to a training programme (Borresen & Lambert, 2008a), but the resting level of HRV has been found to correlate with response to aerobic training in healthy sedentary subjects (Hautala et al 2003).…”

Section: Individual Differences In Response To Trainingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heart rate variability is related to training load variables in interval running exercises

Kaikkonen¹,

Hynynen

Mann

et al. 2011

Eur J Appl Physiol

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“…Understanding the variation within an individual may be useful in determining the number of days needed to estimate habitual PA; however, in the broader sense, this information may also be used to further characterize the PA phenotype. Although the between-individual response to PA has previously been examined (Bouchard and Rankinen, 2001), specific studies regarding the between-individual variation in PA and TEE are warranted. This information may improve our understanding of the biological mechanisms that control TEE and PA (Rowland, 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Within- and between-individual variability in estimated energy expenditure and habitual physical activity among young adults

Wickel

Eisenmann

2005

Eur J Clin Nutr

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Objective: To examine the within-and between-individual variability in the estimated total energy expenditure (TEE) and habitual physical activity (PA) in free-living young adults. We were specifically interested in the day-to-day variation. Design: Cross-sectional. Setting: University. Subjects: A total of 277 (125 males, 152 females) participants aged 18-24 years. Interventions: None. Main outcome measures: Subjects recorded their daily PA with the Bouchard 3-day diary. Descriptive statistics for TEE, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), inactivity (IA), and activity energy expenditure (AEE) were calculated and presented as a frequency distribution. Within-and between-individual variability were tested by RMANOVA and also presented as the coefficient of variation (CV). Results: Mean values for TEE, MVPA, AEE, and IA were comparable between males and females; however, considerable between-individual variability existed. Only MVPA showed a significant difference between sexes (Po0.05), due to slightly greater vigorous PA in males compared to females (8.0 and 6.8 kcal/kg/day, respectively; P ¼ 0.12). Results from the RMANOVA revealed no significant day-to-day variability in any TEE or PA variable and the CVs were not significantly different between males and females. TEE and IA displayed mean CVs of approximately 12% while mean CVs for AEE and MVPA approximated 32 and 84%, respectively. Conclusions: Results from this study suggest (1) a limited day-to-day variability in TEE and (2) a large degree of betweenindividual variation for TEE and PA exist. This study highlights the importance of understanding the variability associated with TEE, which is important for PA measurement and proper PA and nutritional recommendations. Sponsorship: None.

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Individual differences in response to regular physical activity

Cited by 739 publications

References 10 publications

Towards the minimal amount of exercise for improving metabolic health: beneficial effects of reduced-exertion high-intensity interval training

Towards the minimal amount of exercise for improving metabolic health: beneficial effects of reduced-exertion high-intensity interval training

Heart rate variability is related to training load variables in interval running exercises

Within- and between-individual variability in estimated energy expenditure and habitual physical activity among young adults

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