This is the first reported validation study of an international standardized questionnaire (IPAQ-C) in older Chinese adults. Our study shows that the IPAQ-C is adequately valid and reliable for assessing total physical activity and that it may be a useful instrument for generating internationally comparable data on physical activity in this population.

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Most dietary recommendations are based on studies of limited power and do not adequately reflect the current knowledge base, particularly with regard to effects of diet on clinical outcomes, the most important endpoint from the patients' perspective. In this review we discusses the current state of dietary research, and present a summary of the evidence upon which to base dietary recommendations and guidelines for atherosclerotic vascular disease prevention. We also highlight the complexity and limitations of interpreting current diet-based epidemiological studies in isolation.