BackgroundDespite the growing interest in the study of disasters, there is limited research addressing the elderly population that lead to prejudiced beliefs that older adults are more vulnerable to disasters than younger adults. This study aimed to compare positive mental health between elderly and young earthquake survivors.MethodData for this study, consisting of 324 earthquake survivors, were obtained from a population-based cross-sectional survey conducted in Iran, 2015. The long-term effect of earthquake was assessed using the Mental Health Continuum-Short Form questionnaire. A one-way multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) using SPSS (version 22) was used in data analysis.ResultsOlder adults scored significantly a higher level of overall positive mental health (mean [M]=34.31, standard deviation [SD]=10.52) than younger age group (M=27.48, SD=10.56, t=−4.41; P<0.001). Results of MANCOVA revealed a statistically significant difference between older and young adults on the combined positive mental health subscales (F(3,317)=6.95; P<0.001), after controlling for marital status, sex, and employment status.ConclusionThe present findings showing a higher level of positive mental health among elderly earthquake survivors compared with their younger counterparts in the wake of natural disasters suggest that advancing age per se does not contribute to increasing vulnerability.
Objective
The purpose of this study was to examine the structural relationships between health anxiety and social health among Health Care Workers exposed to covid-19 in Iran.
Method
The research was an online-survey and cross-sectional study. The sample consisted of 735 Health Care Workers and health volunteers in Iran from 13 April to 4 May 2020. Three standardized pre-tested questionnaires were used to collect data including social health, health anxiety and corona-related questions. Data were analyzed by SPSS 22 and Amos 24 software.
Results
The majority of the respondents were males and 51.4%, were married. Fifty-six percent of the participants were employed and 5.1 percent of respondents had covid-19. 52.6% of respondents are satisfied with the government's performance in managing corona virus. 83% of health anxiety changes are explained by social health.
Conclusion
Increasing public awareness, efforts to reduce social anxiety and stress, and improving social functioning and social support can be part of the interventions of health policy makers and social experts.
Background: In January 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the COVID-19’s outbreak as an international public health emergency. In March 2020, WHO evaluation showed that COVID-19 could be considered a pandemic disease. Nowadays, the spread of COVID-19 threatens all aspects of human living conditions. In this regard, the objectives of this research are to investigate the anxieties and concerns of the Iranian people regarding the spread of COVID-19 in the initial months of its outbreak. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted with a qualitative methodology employing the conventional content analysis method. Data of anxieties and concerns of the general population were collected through social workers working at university/ medical schools throughout the country, affiliated healthcare centers, hotline 190, and social networks. The data collection process was saturated with 2920 theoretical data from February 27, 2020, to April 3, 2020. Results: Anxieties and concerns of community members were categorized into 8 areas: 1- Confusion in communication with the surrounding environment, 2- Concerns about vulnerable groups being affected, 3- The necessity of informational support, 4- Economic turmoil, 5- Shortage of preventive and treatment facilities, 6 -weakness of social capital, 7- Stressful and destructive atmosphere, 8- Approaches for crisis management situation. Conclusion: Based on the research findings, focusing and attention on people’s concerns in a transparent manner, and designing novel psychosocial support systems based on people’s real needs to control the disease spread result in the enhancement of social capital between community members to get through this crisis quickly.
Background: Learning motivation among the students of rehabilitation, as one of the main challenges in the universities, leaves different impacts on the outcome of learning systems. Objectives: Considering the critical role of rehabilitation services provided by rehabilitation graduates, the current study aimed to determine the level of learning motivation among the rehabilitation students focusing on different aspects of self-efficacy, self-regulation, and communication abilities.
Patients and Methods:This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on the rehabilitation students of the University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences who were selected by the total population sampling method. The validity and reliability of the learning motivation questionnaire were evaluated by its implementation in the study; an independent t-test, Pearson's correlation coefficient and one-way ANOVA analysis were used to analyze the data. Results: The mean and standard deviation of the population under study were 159.853 ± 17.838 (out of maximum 220). It means that the score is farther down cut of point. The social work students got the highest scores in learning motivation, followed by the students of technical orthopedics, occupational therapy, physiotherapy and speech therapy, respectively. There was a significant difference in the mean score of learning motivation among the five evaluated disciplines, based on the ANOVA (F = 3.085; sig = 0.016). The level of learning motivation among the M.Sc and Ph.D students was higher than that of B.S students. There was a significant relationship between the level of learning motivation and age, gender, and marital status variables (P = 0.01). Conclusions: Considering the level of learning motivation among the students in aspects of self-efficacy conception, self-management, and communication abilities, it is recommended to provide programs to develop these characteristics by cooperative learning method based on social constructivism theory.
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